Simon
shoemaker that found a man stranded in the snow and gave him shelter, a job, and food; married to Matryona
Matryona
wife to Simon; helped Michael by making food
Michael
angel cast down from earth because he disobeyed God; taken in by Simon and his family and worked as a shoemaker; had to discover 3 truths about God in order to leave
Gerasim
a poor man looking for a job; Yegor helped him find a job but he couldn’t take it because he felt bad for the servant that he was taking it from
Yegor Danilych
coachman to Sharov; helped Gerasim get a job offer
Mr. Sharov
master of Yegor; reluctantly offered Gerasim a job
Mrs. Lowe
postmaster’s wife; treats lower classes badly; rude, demanding, and lazy woman that treats her tailor awfully; keeps changing her mind on the style of dress she wants
tailor
Chinese man that worked for Mrs. Lowe; worked hard to make her a dress and was very respectful; his nephew died and so he took in his nephew’s family; was not tired by Mrs. Lowe again
fixed form
traditional pattern which applies to the whole poem
continuous form
written line upon line with no grouping of lines or breaks
stanza form
poem written in stanzas
stanzas
groups of lines having the same metrical pattern repeated throughout
refrain
phrase or sentence which is repeated at intervals in a poem; usually at the end of a stanza
sonnet
14 lined poem with a definite pattern of two basic varieties Italian or English
Italian or Petrarchan sonnet
has an octave and a sestet which represents a division in thought; octave has a rhyme scheme of abba abba and raises a questions or presents a situation or idea; a sestet may have several rhyme scheme and responds to the octave by making a comment, giving an example, or answering a question
English or Shakespearean sonnet
contains three quatrains and a couplet and has a rhyme scheme of abab, cdcd, efef, gg; the quatrains present three examples or ideas and the couplet presents a conclusion
limerick
fixed form of five lines with an anapestic rhythm and a rhyme scheme of aabba; lines 1,2,5 have 9 syllables; lines 3,4 have 6 syllables
haiku
Japanese unrhymed poem and consists of three lines with 5, 7,5 syllables; attempts to present an image and suggest and insight while evoking an emotional response or mood
cinquain
five lined poem of 2,4,6,8,2 syllables
figure poem
poem constructed in such a way that the printed shape suggests the topic of the poem
free verse
usually has no rhyme or meter and tends to follow the normal rhythms and cadences of speech
sentimentality
the indulgence in emotion for its own sake without regard for honestly presenting the truth of human experience