exam 2 - medicinal botany LAB

rosemary:

scientific name

what does it treat?

rosmarinus officinalis

antioxidant, vasodilator, anti-inflammatory, prevents gastric ulcers

valerian:

scientific name

what does it treat?

valeriana officinalis

anxiolytic, sedation for surgery, parkinson’s disease

mint:

scientific name

what does it treat?

form of administration

mentha spp.

common cold, irritable bowel syndrome, nausea

tea

ginger:

scientific name

what does it treat?

form of administration

zingiber officinale

nausea

tea, ginger ale, candied ginger

lemon balm:

scientific name

what does it treat?

melissa officinalis

alzheimer’s disease, reduced agitation, antitumor, antioxidant

sage:

scientific name

what does it treat?

form of administration

salvia officinalis

anti-inflammatory bc of ursolic acid in plant tissues

topically

ginkgo:

scientific name

what does it treat?

form of administration

ginkgo biloba

memory, brain processing efficiency

tablets or teas

onion:

scientific name

what does it treat?

form of administration

allium cepa

improves appearance of post-surgery scars

topical gel/lotion

eucalyptus:

scientific name

what does it treat?

form of administration

eucalyptus spp.

colds, flu, bronchial infections, fevers

topical, inhalation of vapors, essential oils

garlic:

scientific name

what does it treat?

form of administration

allium sativum

hypercholesterolemia

orally

jalapenos:

scientific name

what does it treat?

form of administration

capsicum spp.

anti-inflammatory

topically

oats:

scientific name

what does it treat?

form of administration

avena sativa

anti-inflammatory, anti-itch

topically

echinacea:

scientific name

what does it treat?

form of administration

echinacea purpurea

reduce severity of upper respiratory infections

tablet or teas

lavender:

scientific name

what does it treat?

form of administration

lavandula angustifolia

reduce anxiety

inhalation of vaporized essential oils/plant tissues

infusion

steep in boiling water

used for soft tissues like flowers, leaves, and green stems

decoction

bring to boil + simmer for 15-20 min

used for hard tissues like roots, rhizomes, bark, and seeds

maceration

potential solvents: ethanol, vodka, vinegar, glycerine

store in a container

used when plant compounds are released from solvents

digestion

potential solvents: ethanol, vodka, vinegar, glycerine

apply heat + store in a container

used when plant compounds are released from solvents

expression

separating liquid from plant using a press

tincture

water and ethanol in 1:1 ratio

store in a container 

used when plant compounds are released from solvents

poultice

mash fresh leaves

apply to skin

can use bandage if needed

used with soft tissues like flowers, leaves, or green stems

compress

soak cloth in prepped infusion, decoction, or tincture

apply cloth where needed

used when fresh herbs are not available or plant tissues require prep for active compounds to be available

baths

fresh herbs added to warm/hot water

soaking allows plants to be absorbed by skin

other benefits come from vapor inhalation

black cohosh

actaea pachypoda

menopause

passion flower

passiflora incarnata

anxiety, withdrawal (alc + drugs)

leopard bane

arnica acavlis

wound treatment

lemon balm

melissa officinales

alzheimers

sassafras

sassafras albidum

antifungal

american ginseng

panax quinquefolia

influenza

bloodroot

sanguinaria canadensis

cancer, strengthens immune system

red oak

quercus rubra

diabetes

blueberry

vaccinium corymbosum

urinary tract infections

angels trumpets

brugmansia spp.

morphine withdrawals

indian mustard

brassica juncea

cancer

st. john’s wort

hypericum perforatum

depression

wild mint

mentha arvensis

male birth control

multiflora rose

rosa multiflora

pain relief, rheumatoid arthritis

hops

humulus lupulus

sedative, chemo-preventative, phytoestrogen

blue cohosh

caulophyllum thalictroides

child birth

paw paw

asimina triloba

cancer