Cells/Systems Grade 8 Flashcards

Test on Friday

Name all parts of a microscope

Eyepiece,Tube, Revolving Nosepiece, Objective Lens, Fine-Adjustment Knob, Course-Adjustment Knob, Stage, Condenser Lens, Diaphragm, Light Source, Arm, Base, Stage Clips.

How many parts of a microscope are there?

13

What is another name for eyepiece?

Ocular Lens

What is the eyepiece?

The part you look through. It has a lens that magnifies the object, usually by 10x

Tube

Holds the eyepiece and the objective lenses at the proper working distance from each other.

Revolving Nosepiece

Rotating disk that holds 2 or more objective lenses. Turn it to change lenses. Each lens clicks into place.

Objective Lens

It magnifies the object. Each lens has a different magnification, such as 10x,40x,100x

Fine-Adjustment Knob

Use with medium and high power magnification to bring the object into sharper focus.

Course-adjustment knob

Moves the tube or stage up and down to bring the object into focus. Only used for low power objective lens.

Stage

Supports the microscope slide. Clips hold the slide in position. A hold in the center of the stage allows the light from the light source to pass through the slide.

Condenser Lens

Directs light to the object being viewed

Diaphragm

Used to control the amount of light reaching the object being viewed.

Light Source

Shines a light through the object being view making it easier to see the details

Arm

Connects the base and tube. Used to carry the microscope.

Base

Holds up the entire microscope

Stage Clips

Holds the slide on the stage.

What is the acronym for memorizing characteristics of living things?

Mr. C. Green

What are the characteristics of living things

Movement, Reproduction, Cells, Growth, Respond, Excretion, Exchange of Gases, Nutrition

Biology

the scientific study of life

Biotic Factor

a living part of an ecosystem

Is something that was dead a biotic factor?

Yes because it was alive at some point.

Abiotic factor

A non living part of an ecosystem

Movement

the ability of an organism to bend and sway (sessility) or relocate (motility)

Reproduction

The ability of an organism to proliferate (grow rapidly) and pass on its traits

Cells

Living things are made up of cells. The smallest unit that can perform the functions of life

Growth

The ability of an organism to increase in size through cell growth or cell division

Response

The ability of an organism to react to a stimulus

Excretion

The ability of an organism to get rid of waste

Exchange of Gases

In animals, the ability to take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide, in plants the ability to take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

Nutrition

The ability of an organism to acquire and process foods/nutrients

What is the function of a microscope?

They magnify objects that are not visible to make them appear larger

Who was Anton von Leeuwenhoek

A dutch linen merchant who had a hobby of making magnified instruments

Why was Anton von Leeuwenhoek famous?

He invented the first microscopes

What are some of the specimens that Anton von Leeuwenhoek first observed?

Blood, Pond water, and matter scraped from his teeth.

What is an animalcule?

Single-celled organisms

What was Anton von Leeuwenhoek’s microscope made of?

It had only 1 lens and a candle

What common scientific item used today can be compared to Leeuwenhoek’s first microscope?

Magnifying Glass

What kind of microscopes do we use in school"?

Compound Light Microscopes

List safety precautions when using a microscope

Be sure your hands are dry when you plug in or disconnect the cord of the microscope. Handle microscope slides carefully so that they do not break or cause cuts of scratches.

How should a microscope be held?

Hold it firmly by the arm and the base using both hands.

How should a microscope be positioned?

with the arm toward you

Should you touch the lens with your fingers?

No

What should the microscope be left on?

Low-power objective lens

What are microscopes?

An instrument that makes objects appear larger.

What are the 3 types of microscopes?

Simple, Compund Light, Electron

What are organisms made of only one cell called?

Microorganisms or Unicellular Organisms.

How many lenses does a simple microscope have?

1 lens

What is a hand lens

A simple microscope

How many lenses does a compound microscope have?

2 lenses

How much do compund microscopes magnify?

100-400x

How does a microscope magnify?

A microscope magnifies because light coming from the object passes through lenses which bends the light so the object looks larger.

Do you see more of an objects detail when you magnify?

yesD

Do you see more of an object when you magnify?

No.

What do you use to clean a microscope lens

Lens Tissue

Formula for field of view

FOV= Diamter FOV x l/m

If you move knobs too quickly what cna happen?

the slide could crack

where does light enter the microscope first?

the light source

Why should the coarse adjustment knob be used only with the low power objective lens?

If you use the coarse adjustment knob on higher lenses the slide could crack.

Why should the microscope be stored at low power objective lens

So it is at a safe objective distance ofr the next person to use

List the 3 parts of cell theory

All living things are composed of one or more cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all organisms.
All cells come from previously existing cells
The activity of an entire organism depends on the total activity of its independent cells.

What is a wet mount slide?

A wet mount slide is the most common type of slide preparation. Wet mount slides are used to view living organisms as well as liquid subtances of all kinds. They are also used for any specimen that needs to be kept mosit

How do you prepare a wet mount slide?

Place a drop of water on the slide. Place the specimen in water. Hold the cover slip at a 45 degree angle and then release. This will reduce air bubbles. Gently tap the cover slip to eliminate any remaining air bubbles. 

Who was the first scientist to use the term cell

Robert Hooke

What magnification do you see the brightest image?

low power