Bio Unit Assessment

On the four biomolecules (Nucleic acids, proteins, carbs and lipids)

polar

have an even distribution of electrons and mix with water

non-polar

have an uneven distribution of electrons and do not mix

unsaturated fats

has a bend because it's a double bond, liquid at room temp

saturated fats

in a straight line, no double bonds, solid at room temp

elements in proteins

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

number of different monomers in proteins

20 (different r groups)

monomer name for proteins

amino acids

protein functions

transport, storage, structural support, defense (immune system), enzymes

collagen is a...

polypeptide

proteins are

amino acids

polymer name (proteins)

polypeptides

enzymes

regulate the chemical reactions

nucleic acids monomer

nucleotides

nucleic acids polymer

DNA and RNA

nucleic acids 3 main components

nitrogen base, 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group

elements in nucleic acids

carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus

nucleic bases

adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, uracil

nucleic base only in DNA

thymine

nucleic base on in RNA

uracil

DNA forms ___ stranded molecules

double

RNA forms ____ stranded molecules

single

DNA function

encodes genetic information

DNA is found in

chromosomes which are in the nucleus

RNA function

builds proteins, single stranded, bases are A,U,C,G

RNA sugar

ribose

DNA sugar

deoxyribose

the 3 types of RNA

tRNA, rRNA, mRNA

what are the pairs of nucleic bases

at and cg (adenine, thymine and cytosine, guanine)

How do nucleic acids help maintain homeostasis?

nucleic acids help make proteins and porteins provide you with energy

primary structure

chain amino acids

secondary structure

twists/bends to sheets/helixes, hydrogen bonds

tertiary structure

coils in on itself, disulfide and covalent bonds

quanternary

multiple amino acids chains*, van der waals forces, not every proein has this

hydrolisis

a reaction when you are adding water to a polymer to make two monomers

dehydration synthesis

taking water out of two monomer to make a polymer

nucleic acids diagram

polymers are found in

lipids, nucleic acids, carbs, proteins (all biomolecules)

sugars and starches are

short term energy (carbohydrates)

monosccharide

triglyceride

amino acid