Amphibian lab #1- Salamander and Caecilian Diversity (copy)

1/12/2024

cryptobranchidae

largest salamander

found in E. US, E. China, S. Japan

4 species

lidless eyes, baggy skin, shovel like

Hynobiidae

asia, pacific, pakistan, iran

complete metamorphis

82 species

Sirenidae

5 species

Michigan, south eastern us and northeast mexico

eel-like with no hind limbs

adults have external gills

Salamandridae

newts and salamanders

102 species

widespread through most of the world

pretty diverse

4 california newts

dicamptodontidae

large about palm size, chunky, largest terristal

4 species-2 in CA

range is pacific northwest, rocky mts

brown mottled with black

Ambystomatidae

US and Canada, North America

32 species-4 in CA, axoytl is in this family

moderate size, skin smooth, chunky, short, blunt head, costal grooves

mostly underground

Proteidae

6 species

east coast and adrian sea

external gills, caudal fin

Rhyacotritonidae

4 species

pacific northwest

small, males have square coloacca, large eyes

Amphiumidae

3 species

southeast us

eel-like with tiny front and hind legs, gill slits

Plethodontidae

long, slender, worm-like

479 species highly diverse but all have no lungs and nasallabial groves

E. & W. US, latin america, italy, korea

gymnophiona

worm w/ back bone

annuli

internal fertilization

no/ little tail

214 species

pantropical range, hotspot in S. America

What order are amphibians in?

Caudata

What order are caecilians in?

gymnophiona

where are there diversity hotspots of caudata?

CA, southeast US, central America

What are the major defining characteristics of caudata?

number of toes and limbs

rough vs smooth skin

nasolaibal grooves

costal grooves

gills or gill slits