4.1 & 4.2 APHuG

State

A geographic area that has

• Permanent Population

• Defined Borders

• Sovereign Government

• Recognized by Other States

Sovereignty

The authority of a state to govern itself including domestic and international affairs

Nation

A group of people with a shared culture, language, history, homeland, and self-determination

Self Determination

The right or desire for a nation, or group of people, to govern themselves

Nation-State

A sovereign state with a relatively homogenous population that has a shared language, culture, or history.

Multinational State

A state that has more than one nation within its borders

• Nations coexist as one state but remain culturally distinct

• Traditionally have a dominant cultural group that controls the political, economic, and social structures of the state

Multi State Nation

A nation that has a state of its own, but also resides in other states

Stateless Nation

A nation that has a history of self-determination but does not have a recognized state

The Kurds

They speak kurdish, their religion is islam, and these people consider themselves kurdish not arab

Historical claim to the proposed nation-state Kurdistan

• Originally proposed after the Ottoman Empire fell

• Before it could be an official state, the Turks expanded their land and took over it

Kurdish nation still exists however, they still do not have a recognized state

Autonomous Region

A geographic area that is located within a state and has a high degree of autonomy from the state

Semi-Autonomous Region

A geographic area that is controlled by another state, but only has a moderate degree of self governance

These regions have a say over their political economic systems

• The controlling state will step in when they feel like it is in their best interest

City-State

A sovereign state with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside

Colonialism

The practice of acquiring territories and settling there to exert political, economic, and social control over the area

Imperialism

The idea of growing a state or empire by exerting force over other nations to gain economic and political power without establishing settlements

• Often the driving force behind colonialism

Berlin Conference

• European rulers colonized africa and created borders based on longitude and latitude and what worked for them rather than recognizing different ethnic, cultural, and linguistic groups

• Goal was to create states that benefited Europeans and set up systems which would allow for the extraction of natural resources

• Colonies and newly formed states lacked substantial infrastructure, education, and had facilities that were set up to be dependent on European powers

Decolonization

The process by which a colony becomes independent of the colonizing country

Non Self Governing Territories

Territories whose people have not yet attained a full measure of self-government

Devolution

The transfer of power from a national government to a regional government

Disintegrating

When a state breaks up into smaller parts

• The state ceases to exist in its current form and new states are created

Balkanization

When a state breaks up into different states