Intelligence Unit - AP Psych

General Ability (g factor)

All mental abilities grouped. Should be measured by everyday tasks and intelligence tasks. (Spearman)

Multiple Abilities (Intelligence)

Contributes to life success and different gifts/intelligence. (Gardner)

IQ

Person’s mental age / by chronological age x 100

Standardized Test

Defining uniform testing procedures and scores by comparing to test groups (ACT, Bell Graph)

Valid

Extent to which the test actually measures/predicts what it promises (Bad ruler, but measures all heights similar with each other)

Construct Validity

Measures a certain concept

Predictive Validity

Success when a test predicts the behavior it is assigned to

Reliable

When retaken, gives consistent scores (Can take same test over and over again and get same %)

Test-retest

Test with alternate form or with same test (ensures all tests are even)

Split-half

Agreement of odd/even number question scores (Sees is all questions are reliable)

Flynn effect

rise in intelligence test performance over time and cultural

Achievement Tests

Tests intended to reflect your learnings (AP Exams)

Aptitude Tests 

Tests intended to predict what you will be able to learn (ACT)

Fixed Mindset

Involved less optimism about people’s capacity for change and growth

Growth Mindset

A focus on learning and growing

Alfred Binet

Identified students who needed academic support - did this by testing

Terman

Used Binet’s research to make modern day IQ

Validity

Extent to which the test actually measures/predicts what it promises

Normal Curve

Symetrical, bell shaped, data curve

Savant Syndrome

an individual with serious mental handicap YET passes ability or brilliance (narrow range of skills)

Prodigious Savant

posses ability so outstanding that it’s spectacular even in a non-handicapped person (idk how we get talent)

Intelligence

ability to problem solve and learn new things

Cattel

Theorized about fluid and cristilized intelligence

Fluid intelligence

Ability to problem solve and learn new things, decreases as we age.

Crystallized Intelligence

Use knowledge accumulated over time, increases over time

Spearman

Used factor analysis to discover the g-factor

Factor Analysis

statistical procedure that identifies cluster of related items of test

Sternberg

Triarchc Theory

• Practical intelligence - street smarts

• Analytical intelligence - logic, academics

• Creative intelligence - relationships, outside of the box

Gardner

Multiple Intelligences; disagreed with sperman’s g; studied savants

Goleman

Emotional intelligence; higher performing brains use less glucose than lower performing brains; neurological speed is also quicker

Emotional Intelligence

Ability to perceive and express emotions