Ap Human Geo Unit 5 Key Vocab
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59 Terms
. Q: What is subsistence agriculture?
A: Farming done primarily to provide food for the farmer’s family; little or no surplus is sold.
- Q: What is commercial agriculture?
A: Farming done primarily to sell crops and livestock for profit, often using modern technology.
- Q: What is intensive agriculture?
A: Agriculture that requires a lot of labor and/or capital relative to the size of land used; often found near cities.
- Q: What is extensive agriculture?
A: Agriculture that uses large areas of land with minimal labor and capital per hectare; often found in rural areas.
- Q: What is shifting cultivation?
A: Farming method in tropical regions where plots of land are cleared, farmed briefly, then left to regenerate.
- Q: What is pastoral nomadism?
A: A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals in arid or semi-arid regions.
- Q: What is intertillage?
A: Planting multiple crops together in small plots to maximize yields and reduce risk of crop failure.
- Q: What is a plantation?
A: A large farm in tropical regions producing cash crops for export, often historically relying on forced labor.
- Q: What is the Green Revolution?
A: Introduction of high-yield crops, fertilizers, and irrigation to increase food production, especially in LDCs.
- Q: What is the Von Thünen model?
A: A model that explains agricultural land use in concentric rings around a central city based on transportation costs and perishability.
- Q: What is Mediterranean agriculture?
A: Agriculture in regions with dry summers and wet winters; crops include grapes, olives, and wheat.
- Q: What is extensive cattle ranching?
A: Raising livestock over large areas of land with minimal labor; common in Argentina’s Pampas and the US West.
- Q: What is intensive rice cultivation?
A: Labor-intensive farming of rice, often in flooded paddies, commonly practiced in Southeast Asia.
- Q: What is an agricultural hearth?
A: The original location where a crop or domesticated animal was first cultivated or bred.
- Q: What is subsistence vs commercial difference?
A: Subsistence → for family consumption, small-scale; Commercial → for profit, large-scale, often mechanized.
- Q: What is cash crop?
A: A crop grown for sale rather than for the farmer’s own use.
- Q: What is double-cropping?
A: Harvesting two crops per year from the same land.
- Q: What is genetically modified organism (GMO) in agriculture?
A: A plant or animal whose DNA has been altered to improve yield, resistance, or nutrition.
- Q: What is truck farming?
A: Commercial gardening and fruit farming, often near cities, producing vegetables and fruits for sale.
- Q: What is swidden?
A: A plot cleared for agriculture using slash-and-burn, often in shifting cultivation.
