Final Survey Music

Gamelan

Traditional Indonesian ensemble music featuring instruments such as metallophones, gongs, and drums.

Pelog

A seven-note scale used in Gamelan music, characterized by uneven intervals.

Slendro

A five-note scale used in Gamelan music, with nearly equal intervals.

Balungan

The core melody of Gamelan music.

Colotomic Structure

The rhythmic framework in Gamelan, marked by specific gong strokes.

Gongan

A musical phrase or cycle marked by a gong.

Wayang Kulit

Traditional Indonesian shadow puppet theater, accompanied by Gamelan.

Saron

A metallophone instrument in the Gamelan ensemble.

Heterophony

A texture where multiple instruments or voices play the same melody but with slight variations.

Azan

The Islamic call to prayer, performed five times daily.

Quarter Tone

Musical interval smaller than a semitone, characteristic of Middle Eastern music.

Maqam

The system of melodic modes used in Middle Eastern music.

Taqasim

Improvised instrumental solos in Middle Eastern music.

Takht

Traditional Middle Eastern ensemble featuring instruments like oud, qanun, and ney.

Tabla (Dumbak)

A goblet-shaped drum used in Middle Eastern music.

Dense Texture

Complex layers of sound, common in African music.

Call-and-Response

A musical form where a leader sings or plays a phrase, followed by a response from the group.

Polyrhythmic

Simultaneous use of multiple rhythms.

Interlocking

Patterns that fit together to create a cohesive rhythm.

Bell Pattern

A timeline pattern played on a bell to guide musicians.

Mbira

A thumb piano used in traditional African music.

Tresillo

A rhythmic pattern with three notes, foundational in Afro-Caribbean music.

Cinquillo

A syncopated five-note rhythmic pattern.

Habanera Rhythm

A Cuban rhythm pattern often used in Afro-Caribbean music.

Dem Bow Rhythm

A reggae and dancehall rhythm influential in reggaeton music.

Creolization

The blending of cultures and musical traditions in the Caribbean.

Transnational Music

Music that crosses cultural and national boundaries.

Marímbula

A plucked box instrument used in Caribbean music.

Hindustani/Karnatak

North and South Indian classical music traditions, respectively.

Improvisation

A key element of Indian classical music, creating spontaneous compositions.

Sargam

Indian solfège system (Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni).

Raga

Melodic framework for improvisation in Indian music.

Tala

Rhythmic cycles in Indian music.

Tabla

A pair of drums used in Indian music.

Linear Time

A sense of time that progresses forward, with a clear beginning and end.

Circular Time

A cyclical concept of time, often reflected in Native American traditions.

Intertribalism

Cultural exchange and unification among tribes.

Pow-wow

A gathering featuring music, dance, and cultural celebration.

Gourd Dance

A ceremonial dance often preceding a pow-wow.

Grand Entry

The opening procession at a pow-wow.

Push-up

The lead singer's call in a Native American song.

Honor Beats

Accentuated beats in drumming to honor dancers or traditions.

Straight Beat

A consistent rhythm used in Native American drumming.

Flag Song

Songs honoring flags, veterans, or warriors.

Ruffle Beat

A fast, trembling drumming pattern.

Victory Song

Songs celebrating success or triumph.

Intertribal Songs

Songs that allow participation from all tribes.

Contest Songs

Songs performed during competitive dancing.

Sneak-Up Song

A song mimicking war-related movements.

Round Dance

A social dance featuring a circular pattern.

American Indian Flute

A melodic instrument used for storytelling and personal expression.