8.5-8.9

What was the Presidential election in 1960? What were the major issues?

JFK & Nixon

Communism, domestic issues

What was New Frontier? What were JFK’s economic priorities?

• Negotiated a major international trade treaty

• Issued wage and price guidelines for companies to try to control inflation

• Opposed decision by steel industries to majorly increase prices

• Emphasized space program (NASA)

• JFKS domestic policy program

Medical care for the elderly, social security, min wage

What did JFK do on TV?

'Addressed US on TV supporting civil rights

What was Flexible response?

JFK foreign policy

All kinds of combat not just nuclear

What was the bay of Pigs?

Botched 1961 invasion of Cuba by CIA-trained Cuban exiles, make JFK look bad and USSR took advantage

What options did JFK consider to resolve the Cuban Missile Crisis and what did he decide to do? What were the effects of it?

Invading Cuba by land, but he blockaded them

Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and Hotline

What was Best and the Brightest?

David Halberstam

Origins of the war and foreign policy during JFKs presidency

What was Alliance for Progress?

10-year plan proposed by President John F. Kennedy in 1961 to foster economic cooperation between North and South America

Aimed at countering the perceived communist threat from Cuba

What was the 1961 Vienna Summit?

JFK and Khrushchev met

Discussed Berlin and Laos

Who was LBJ and what was the Great Society?

Southerner

Spending on social welfare and Vietnam

What were the 4 major civil rights enactments from 1964-1968?

Civil Rights Act of 1964: Banned Segregation

24th Amendment: Banned poll tax

Voting Rights Act of 1965: Restored 15th amendment

Civil rights Act of 1968: Banned discrimination in housing

What was the economic opportunity act?

HeadStart: Federal preschool

Job Corps: Job training

Model Cities: Government

Medicare: Seniors

Medicaid: Income

AFDC: Cash payments for kids without parents

What happened during the War on Poverty?

People got jobs and poverty dropped

Mapp v Ohio

1961 Illegally seized evidence can not be used in court against the accused

Gideon v Wainwright

1963 States must provide legal counsel for those unable to afford it

Escobedo v Illinois

Police must inform a person of his/her right to remain silent

Miranda v Arizona

Person must be ready their rights when arrested and expanded Escobedo to include the right to have a lawyer present during questioning

Baker v Carr

“One man, one vote” principle election districts had to be drawn to provide equal representation for all of a states citizens

Yates v US

1st Amendment protects radical and revolutionary speech (even by communists) unless it presents a “clear and present danger” to the country

Engel v Vitale

State laws requiring prayer and Bible reading in class violated 1st Amendments separation of church and state

Griswold v Connecticut

In recognition of a citizens right to privacy no state could prohibit use of contraceptives

Ralph Nader Unsafe at AnySpeed

Car safety

Rachel Carson Silent Spring

Environmental movement

What was MFDP

Mississippi freedom democratic party

NEA and NEH

National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) and the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA)

What happened in Greesnboro NC in 1960?

Sit ins at Woolworths

SCLC

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

MLK

What is SNCC

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

Diane Nash

What were freedom Rides?

Riding buses

Who was James Meredith?

Attempted to enter the University of Mississippi in 1962 and required that the federal troops be sent to Mississippi

Who was Medgar Evers

Murdered in 1963 in front of his home

What was Childrens Crusade

Kids in Birmingham skipped classes and got arrested

Who was George C Wallace?

Governor of Alabama and segregationist

March on Washington

MLK civil rights

Freedom Summer

Voting for African Americans

What were Long Hot Summers

Race riots

Watts Riot

1965 Los Angeles

Malcolm X

Violence and separate

Stokely Carmichael

SNCC leader and father of black power movement

What was the Kerner Commissions report

See what was leading to racial violence

How did the civil rights movement change from 1965

lost (N) support, used violence, fought poverty conditions and ghetto, separatist, secular

Where was Vietnam divided in 1955 and who led each side

17th parallel

NV was communist Ho Chi Minh

SV was US ally (Ngo Dinh Diem)

Vietcong

SV who support NV

What were JFK and LBJs opinions on Vietnam

JFK began the fighting and LBJ continued it

What was the Gulf of Tonkin and Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Two US ships were attacked by NV

Gave LBJ power to repel attacks and prevent further aggression without Congressional approval

Ho Chi Minh Trail

Laos supply route

Operation Rolling thunder

massive US escalation and bombing

my Lai massacre

US killed Vietnamese civilians

credibility gap and knowledge gap

lie and misinformation for the government

assumptions and reality

Tet offensive

NV attacked SV

Demoralized US

What happened at the 1968 New Hampshire democratic primary

McCarthy won 42% of the vote in Democratic primary

RFK entered the race for presidency

LBJ announces bombing halt and withdrew from the race

new left

liberal college student org

sds

students for democratic society

port Huron statement

SDS

Civil Rights and political accountability

Anti vietnam

Free speech movement at Berkeley in 1964

mario savio couldn’t collect money or do political demonstrations

3 major groups of the anti-war movement

left: evil war

liberal: mistaken war

centrist: not worth it

counterculture

against main culture, Timothy Leary and psychedelics

what product was approved

the birth control pill

the feminine mystique Betty friedan

void from only doing housework

national organization for women in 1966

discrimination

radical feminists

equal rights, abortion, credit, equal pay

roe v wade

abortion

candidates of 1968 presidential democratic nomination

mcCarthy, rfk, humphrey (nominated)

george wallace

independent pro segregation and pro war

1968 democractic national convention

riots

who was republican candidate in 1968

nixon (was elected)

nixon goals in vietnam

vietnamization

nixon doctrine

keep treaty commitments and shield against nuclear attacks

kent state

1970 vietnam protest

pentagon papers

secret history of the vietnam war, leaked by elisburg, proved they were lying

war powers resolution 1973

troops could not be stationed for longer than 60 days without congressional approval

kissinger

foreign policy advisor to nixon

detente

relaxation of tensions

what did nixon and kissinger make in 1972

open relations with communist china to stay away from soviets

salt 1 treaty

limits on nuclear weapons and missiles between

what did arab members of opec do as a result of us support for israel in the 1973 arab israeli war

oil embargo

inflation, businesses lose money, unemployment

new federalism

responsibility for social programs to state and local governments

revenue sharing

distribution of fexed amount of federal tax revenue to states to spend on gov more money to poor states

to environemt

stagflation

inflation with stagnated growth and unemployment

southern strategy adn silent majority

depict dems as permissive liberals

people who uphold traditional values

chief justice in 1969

warren e burger

who ran against nixon in 1972 and hwo was elected

george mcgovern, nixon

who was agnew replaced by

gerald ford

impoundment control act 1974

governs the role of congress in us budget process

freedom of information act

provided the public with right to request records

cesar chavez

fought for migrant workers

united farm workers

chicano movement

reies tijerina advocated for the reutnr of land to hispanics lost in the treaty of guadalupe hidalgo

mexican americans lacked respect for heritage and wanted a way out of their quote degraded social position

teach hispanic culture in schools and create cultural identity (la raza unida)

alcatraz 1969

protested some natives held in alcatraz

red power

native american activists sided against traditionalists against accommodationists

wounded knee 1973

natives occupied the place

indian self determination and education assistance act

contracts with the federal government

affirmative action

lbj emphasized measuring group outcomes

equal employment opporunity commission- case by case to see if people were discriminated but this was solved when they looked at the overall rehjection and acceptance

philadelphia plan required the businesses with federal gov to show affirmative action in meeting goals of hiring minotiies

title ix

prevents discimination based on sex

phyllis schlafly

would tak away stuff

stop era

stonewall riot 1969

police raided a gay bar

jackson state

police killed

operation linebacker ii or chistrmas bombing

we bombed a lot

ceasefire 1973

North Vietnamese troops can stay in South Vietnam, U.S. would withdraw all troops in 60 days, and a new government would be formed in South Vietnam including the Vietcong. Cease-fire agreement signed.

ABM treaty 1972

anti-ballistic missiles

helsinki accords 1975

all boundaries in europe are recognized and all signatories agree to not attempt to change them by force and uphold human rights