Functions and Structures of Bones

A set of flashcards covering the main functions, structures, and processes related to bones.

What are the primary functions of bones?

Support, protection, anchorage, mineral storage, and blood cell formation.

What type of bone is the humerus?

Long bone.

What is trabeculae?

Mesh of bony spines found in spongy bone.

What are the two main types of bone tissue?

Compact bone and spongy bone.

What is the structure of a flat bone?

Contains compact bone and spongy bone (diploë) in between.

What are the three main parts of a long bone?

Proximal epiphysis, diaphysis, distal epiphysis.

What are bone markings?

Identifiable features of bones that provide information about their function and attachment.

What is a tuberosity?

A large rounded projection, may be roughened.

What is a condyle?

Rounded articular projection that often articulates with a corresponding fossa.

What are depressions in bones?

Openings for blood vessels and nerves.

What is the function of osteoblasts?

They're matrix-synthesizing cells responsible for bone growth.

What happens during bone remodeling?

Old bone is removed and new bone is formed; 5-10% of the skeleton is replaced each year.

What is the first stage in the healing of a bone fracture?

Formation of a hematoma.