Driving theory

Circle signs

Give orders

Triangle signs

Give warnings

2 main teaching points for manoeuvres

Effective observation and good car control

Road numbers in brackets indicate

The road leads to that particular road

Steering one handed is useful for

Improving steering and gear changing

dealing with slow progress

Emphasis on where progress is being made and avoid criticism

Instructors are regulated by

DVSA

Driving through water

drive slowly and keep engine revs high

Out of balance wheels

causes steering to vibrate

Length of time to produce documents at a police station

7 days

The clutch separates

Drive between engine and wheels

When should you use an arm signal

To emphasis your intentions such as when stopping at a zebra crossing

Don’t not pass ____ on zebra crossings

A moving vehicle nearest to the crossing

Turning right in fog

Keep foot on the brakes

3 reasons for skidding

Drive, road and vehicle

Rote learning

Learning by repetition

Example of rote learning

stopping distances

Gestalt learning

Understand the subject matter

Both feet in automatics

Reversing manoeuvres for more control

Kick down

quick acceleration

Gear selector in automatic

Keep the car in a lower gear on a hill

Urban clearway

You may stop to set down or pick up passengers

First warning of trains approaching at a level crossing

A steady amber light

Staggered pedestrian crossings should be treated…

As two separate crossings

Zebra crossings with an island are treated as…

Two separate crossings

straight pedestrian crossings should be treated as…

A single crossing

Distance between emergency phones

1 mile

Distance between marker points

100 metres

Distance between emergency areas

2500 metres

How much more fuel is used at 70mph compared to 50mph

15%

Diplopia

Double vision

Restrictions for a colourblind learner

None

Restrictions for a deaf learner

None

adapted cars

License will be restricted to these adaptations

Pass certificate

Lasts for 2 years

Differential

Inner wheel turns more slowly than outer wheel. Helps prevent skidding and improved handling

Snaking trailer

Ease off accelerator slowly until it stops

Max weight of a trailer to be towed

3.5kg

3.5kg mam

The maximum load of the trailer and the load

A trailer should be secured with…

Breakaway cable

Battery’s should be topped up with…

Distilled water

Warning triangles distance from a car

45 metres

Warning triangle on a narrow road

Nearside, behind the vehicle

Warning triangle on a hill…

Placed where it can be seen

Both feet in an automatic

When doing a manoeuvre

Kickdown

Allows for quick acceleration

Gear selector in an automatic

Allows you to select a lower gear for a hill

Learning plateau

Temporary hault in learning

Rote learning

Learning facts and figures by repetition

Searching questions

Challenge and provoke thought

Initial assessment

Identity the level instruction should be given

Learning opportunity

Situation a pupil hasn’t encountered before

Road traffic act

ADI regulations

Client learning

Ongoing conversation with the learner to ensure your understanding their learning needs

ADI disqualification

4 years plus length of ban from giving instruction

Dangerous fault

Actual danger to the public, property, other road users and the examiner. The examiner will need to take physical or verbal action.

Serious fault

Potential danger to other road users

GROW stands for

Goal, reality, options and way forward

3 reasons for skidding

Driver, vehicle and road

Clutch separates

The drive between engine and the wheels

Braking distance at 70mph

245 ft

Stopping distance at 70mph

315 ft

Choke

Reduces air/fuel mixture and helps start engine from cold

Understeering

Front tyres lose grip and continues in the same direction

Oversteering

Rear tyres lose grip and rear slides out this can lead to car spinning and loss of control

Cockpit sequence

Doors - seat - mirrors - seat belt - fuel

move away, control

Stalling uphill

Coasting

gear fault

Vibration in steering

Front wheels out of balance

Camber

Angle the road slopes to help drainage

Adverse camber effects

Car could leave the road more easily

Banking

road slopes up towards the outside of the bend

Position for right turn

Centre of road

Position for left turn

Keep left

Yellow or burgundy coat on a dog

Colourblind pedestrian

Distance in tunnel from a car when stopping

5 meters

traffic officers

Stop and direct anyone on a motorway and some ‘a’ roads

Position on left hand bend

Centre of the lane

Position on right hand bend

Keep left

Drum brakes

Prone to brake fade

Brake fade

When brakes overheat

Parking downhill

Select reverse and point turns left (towards the kerb)

hand position when reversing straight

12 o’clock

Best view through rear mirror

Offside

Mirror usage

Moving off, signalling, changing direction or lane, slowing down, speeding up, stopping and opening doors

ABS ineffectiveness

Surface water, loose or poor surface

gestalt learning

Understanding of a subject by knowing the “why”

Convex mirrors

Make objects appear further away

Coasting

a gear fault

Ignition warning light

A fault in the electrical charging system

Catalytic converter

Removes exhaust emissions

Vibration in steering

Could indicate a tyre issue

Heavy steering

Tyre puncture or fault with power assisted steering

tread depth

1.6mm across ¾ central

Excessive wear on outer edge of tyre…

Under inflated

Excessive wear on the centre of tyre…

Over inflated

Under inflated tyre causes (there are 3)

Increased fuel consumption, increased stopping distances, heavy steering.