Chapter 4: Cellular Machinery

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10 Terms

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Proteins
A class of organic molecules that perform energetic tasks in the cell.
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Nucleus
The central room of the cellular factory that houses DNA, the blueprints and instructions for protein construction.
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Amino Acids
The building blocks of proteins, which link together to form protein structures.
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Primary Structure of Protein
The exact linear sequence of amino acids in a protein.
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Secondary Structure of Protein
The twisting and curling of the amino acid chain into patterns like helices and pleated sheets.
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Tertiary Structure of Protein
The final 3D shape of a protein formed from the collapsing of secondary structures.
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Quaternary Structure of Protein
Complex formed when multiple proteins link together to perform tasks.
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Enzymes
A specific class of proteins that catalyze chemical reactions by lowering the energy needed to start them.
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Active Site
The location on an enzyme where specific molecules bind to be either degraded or synthesized.
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-ase
A suffix indicating that a molecule is likely an enzyme, such as peroxidase.