Socialism

ideologies

collectivism

collectivism

collective human effort is both of greater practical value to the economy and moral value to society

common humanity

cover nature of humans as social creatures with tendency of cooperation, sociability and rationality

equality

fundamental socialist value - cover disagreements among socialists about nature of equality and how it is critical to state, society and economy and human nature

social class

group of people in society who have the some socioeconomic status, to cover the extent to which class impacts on socialist’s views of society, the state and the economy

workers control

to cover the importance and the extent of control over the economy and/or state and how it is to be achieved

revolutionary

socialism can be brought about by overthrow of existing political and societies structures

social democracy

ideological view that wishes to humanise capitalism in interests of social justice

third way

middle ground alternative route to socialism and free market capitalism

fraternity

the sharing of common interests and beliefs

cooperation

a movement built upon shared ownership and seeks to make decisions in a democratic manner to serve the needs of it’s members

capitalism

social system based on individual initiative and favours market mechanisms over government intervention

common ownership

ensures that the needs of the many override those of the few, meaning that the public sector can allocate scarce resources on a much more equitable manner than that of the marketplace

communism

political and economic ideology that positions itself in opposition to liberal democracy and capitalism, advocating instead for a classless system in which the means of production are owned communally and private property is nonexistent or severely curtailed

evolutionary socialism

the transformation of society lies in the hands of the proletariat, and this change will be enacted via gradual tactics towards lasting social change

marxism

an economic and political theory that examines the flaws inherent in capitalism and seeks to identify an alternative

revisionism

far-left politicians on the far-left of the political spectrum who seek to modify Marxist theory in some manner without rejecting it’s core argument

social justice

involves those policies and measures designed to ensure a more equitable distribution of life chances within society

class consciousness

refers to a state of affairs in which the proletariat fail to grasp the truly exploitative nature of capitalism.

historic materialism

the material conditions of the mode of production determines its organisation and more importantly its development i.e. how goods are made influences society, and how society changes over time.

dialectic

a process that drives social change

keynesian economics

because prices are somewhat rigid, fluctuations in any component of spending—consumption, investment, or government expenditures—cause output to change.

marx and engles

key thinkers - argue that the history of society is characterised by class conflict (revolutionary socialism)

beatrice webb

key thinker - believed that socialism would evolve through a combination of political action and education (social democrat kind of - no solid fit into one strand of socialism)

rosa luxembourg

key thinker - believed that evolutionary socialism was insufficent because capitalism was built upon the exploitation of the working-class. The only way to create a socialist society is via a revolution based on class consciousness. (Revolutionary socialism)

anthony crosland

key thinker - believed that socialism could be achieved via humanising the capitalist system, a more moderate view (social democrat)

anthony giddens

key thinker- came up with ideas around reflexivity, globalisation, structuration theory and the third way (3rd way)