Neurones

What are the three types of neurones?

Sensory, relay and motor

What do sensory neurons do?

Carry messages from the PNS to CNS, leading to sensations such as vision, touch, hearing etc.

What do relay neurones do?

These connect the sensory neurones which receive the sensory input to the motor neurones which lead to a movement output

What do motor neurones do?

Connect CNS to effectors

When stimulated they release neurotransmitters that bind to receptors on muscles which trigger movement

What are dendrites?

a short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.

What is the myelin sheath?

Covers the axon and works like insulation to help keep electrical signals inside the cell, which allows them to move more quickly

What is the axon terminal?

the ending of one neuron, this is separated from the next neuron by a small gap called a synapse

What is the axon?

the long thread-like part of a nerve cell along which impulses are conducted from the cell body to other cells.

What do schwann cells do?

form myelin sheath

What are the nodes of ranvier?

These speed up the transmission of the impulse by forcing it to jump across gaps in the axon

What is the cell body?

The main part of the neurone in which the dendrites branch off from