Failure if you don't pass - Asian Achieve level 10.5 for continuum
BOLTSS
Border, Orientation, Legend, Title, Scale, Source
SPICESS
Space, Place, Interconnection, Change, Environment, Sustainability, Scale.
Space in SPICESS - Different Location
Absolute Location (V.Longitude and H.Latitude)
Approximate Location (description)
Relative Location (More Specific than App., less than Abs.)
SHEEPT
Social, Historical, Economical, Environmental, Political, Technological
Wellbeing
The ability of human beings to access neccessities to live happily/healthy.
GDP Per Capita
Gross Domestic Product Per Capita, Economic product values per year.
Gross - total before tax/depreciation
Domestic - within the country
Product - refer to tangible goods/services.
PIE (Measures of GDP)
Product, Income, Expenditure
Literacy Rates
Number of people in population which can read/write.
World Happiness Report
Life evalutaions / emotions.
UNHDI
United Natiosn Human Development Index - Averate aspects of human development e.g. Literacy rates, etc.
Big Mac Index
Examines if the values for exchangement of currencies are under/overrated.
Chlorapleth Maps
Quick impression of spacial pattern by dark/light (most'/least) shades, similar colours.
Happy Planet Index
How well a country maintains happy/stable lives; is measured in Life Expectancy, Experienced well-being and Ecological footprint (green best and red worst.)
PQE
Pattern, Quantification, Exception.
Phycology Triangle
Self - Actualization
Self - Esteem
Love/Belonging
Safety/Security
Physiological Needs
PHRASEEMS
Political, Historical, Religions, Artistic, Social, Environmental, Economic, Moral, Scentific.
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
Measures the price change of a typical basket of goods/services produced by Australian households each quarter (3 months).
Inflation
The average rate of rising prices. Increase of general level of prices paid for goods and services over a certain period of time.
Inflation Rate
The change of prices from one quarter to another.
Reasons for Inflation
Consumer’s confidence about future;
Buisnesses’ confidence about future;
Low interest rates, encouraging both consumers and buisnesses to borrow more;
Higher taxes/interest rates.
Management of Inflation
Central banks raise interest rates to restrain inflation;
Consequently making wages and stocks go down;
Commercial bank’s interest rates will be increased as they are competitive with each other;
Impact on mortgage holders;
More paybacks to banks as the interest is higher;
Consequently, people are low in cash;
Therefore low spending on goods/services;
The sellers want to attract buyers, and prices will be lowered;
Inflation is consequently controlled (target: 20% inflation).
Gaining a buisness advantage
Offering consumers a lower price;
Advertising the product;
Offering consumers better quality or perceived quality;
Responding to consumer needs.
Unemployment Rate
The percentage of people in the labour force who are unemployed.
Causes of Unemployment
Shifts in GDP; International Competition; Technology; Global Events.
Coast
The part of the land adjoining or near the sea.
Lithosphere
The rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
Atmosphere
The envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.
Biosphere
The regions of the surface and atmosphere of the earth or another planet occupied by living organisms.
Hydrosphere
Total amount of water on a planet.
Ecosystem
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
Renourishment
To nourish again or anew.
Ebb Tide
The period between high tide and low tide during which water flows away from the shore.
Flood Tide
The tide when it has risen from low to high water.
Spring Tide
A tide just after a new or full moon, when there is the greatest difference between high and low water.
Neap Tide
Tide of minimal range occurring near the time when the Moon and the Sun are in quadrature.
Weathering
The process of wearing or being worn by long exposure to the atmosphere.
Erosion
The geological process in which earthen materials are worn away and transported by natural forces such as wind or water.
Deposition
The state or process of rotting; decay.
Wavelength
The distance between successive crests of a wave, especially points in a sound wave or electromagnetic wave.
Amplitude
Measured as the distance between the peak or trough of the wave; a measurement of the amount of energy transferred by a wave.
Fetch
The distance travelled by wind or waves across open water.
Swash
The rush of seawater up the beach after the breaking of a wave.
Backswash
The motion of receding waves.
Constructive waves
Waves with low energy and have stronger swashes than backwashes.
Destructive Waves
Waves that have stronger backwashes than swashes.
Groyne
Catching and trapping part of the sediment moving (mainly in a longshore direction) in the surf zone.
Longshore Drift
The sediment moved by the wave current at a certain angle.
Riverine Flood
Rivers overflow, inundating land due to heavy rain or snowmelt. Occurs 6+ hours after heavy rainfall.
Flash Flood
Sudden, intense rain or snowmelt causes rapid, severe flooding.
Major Flood
Severe and widespread, cause extensive damage and displacement.
Global Warming
The increase in the planet's overall average temperature in recent decades.
Climate Change
Long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns