Cell Membrane Functions and Transport Mechanisms

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1

Ion-dipole interactions

Increasing water flow into cells

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2

Primary role of the cell membrane

Controlling movement of substances in and out of the cell

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3

Vesicular transport

Endocytosis and exocytosis

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4

Roles of membrane proteins

DNA replication

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5

Harmful effects of drinking seawater

It causes cells to shrivel due to its hypertonic nature

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6

Requirement for active transport

Energy (ATP)

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7

Hydrophobic part of a phospholipid

The tail

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8

Function of cholesterol in the cell membrane

Regulate membrane fluidity

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9

Effect of administering large molecules intravenously

Blood volume and osmolarity

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10

Facilitated diffusion

Polar molecules without the use of energy

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11

Function of the glycocalyx

Facilitates cell recognition and immune responses

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12

Composition of the phospholipid bilayer

Polar heads and nonpolar tails

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13

Importance of tonicity

Influencing water movement across cell membranes

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14

Composition of the plasma membrane

Phospholipids and proteins

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15

Type of transport that does not require energy

Passive transport

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16

Molecules passing through the membrane via simple diffusion

Small non-polar molecules

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17

Primary function of the plasma membrane

Regulating movement of substances in and out of the cell

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18

Components found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Cytoplasm, ribosomes, genetic material

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19

Effect of hypertonic solutions on cells

Shrink

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20

Example of active transport in cells

Sodium-potassium pump

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21

Determination of osmotic pressure

The difference in solute concentration across a membrane

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22

Effect of isotonic solutions

No net movement of water

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23

Thickness of the cell membrane

10 nanometers

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24

Semi-permeability of the plasma membrane

It selectively allows certain substances to pass

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25

Movement of substances in simple diffusion

From high to low concentration

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26

Requirement for facilitated diffusion

Transport proteins

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27

Effect of hypotonic solutions on cells

Cells swell and may burst

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28

Process of diffusion

Particles moving from high to low concentration

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29

Osmosis

Water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane

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30

Molecules crossing the cell membrane via simple diffusion

Small non-polar molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide

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