unit 7 world vocab

Armenian Genocide

The systematic extermination of 1.5 million Armenians by the Ottoman Empire during and after World War I, considered one of the first modern genocides.

Fascism/Nazism

a far-right authoritarian ultranationalist political ideology characterized by dictatorial power and strong regimentation of society. a form of fascism associated with Adolf Hitler's regime, promoted Aryan supremacy and anti-Semitism.

Five Year Plans

A series of nation-wide centralized economic plans in the Soviet Union aimed at rapid industrialization and collective agriculture, initiated under Joseph Stalin.

Great Depression

A severe worldwide economic downturn that began in 1929 and lasted through the 1930s, marked by prolonged high unemployment and a collapse in financial markets.

Great Purges

A campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union from 1936 to 1938 characterized by widespread arrests, forced labor camps, and executions of perceived enemies of the state, orchestrated by Joseph Stalin.

Holocaust

The genocide of about six million Jews and millions of other victims, including Roma, disabled individuals, and political dissidents, by Nazi Germany during World War II.

Influenza Pandemic of 1918

A deadly global flu pandemic that infected a third of the world's population and resulted in the deaths of approximately 50 million people, becoming one of the deadliest pandemics in human history.

League of Nations

An intergovernmental organization founded after World War I aimed at promoting peace and cooperation among countries, ultimately ineffective in preventing World War II.

Mexican Revolution

An armed struggle that took place between 1910 and 1920, leading to significant social, political, and economic changes in Mexico, including land reform and the establishment of a constitutional republic.

The New Deal

A series of programs and policies implemented by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression, aimed at economic recovery and social reform.

Russian Revolution (1917)

A pair of revolutions that dismantled the Tsarist autocracy and led to the establishment of the Soviet Union, marked by the February Revolution and the October Revolution.

The Sick Man of Europe

A term used in the 19th and early 20th centuries to describe the declining Ottoman Empire, which faced territorial losses, internal strife, and increasing foreign intervention.

Total War

A war in which a country mobilizes all of its resources, including civilians and economy, towards the war effort, often blurring the lines between combatants and non-combatants.

Treaty of Versailles

The treaty that officially ended World War I in 1919, imposing heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany, which contributed to political and economic instability in the country.