Studied by 0 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Title: Madonna Enthroned with Angels and Prophets
Artist: Cimabue
Medium: Tempera on panel
Location: n/a
Period: Late Medieval Italy
Significance: key example of late medieval Italian painting, marking the transition from Byzantine stylization to the more naturalistic approach of the early Renaissance. The work conveys the majesty and divinity of the Virgin Mary, emphasizing her central role in Christian devotion, and reflects Cimabue's influence on later artists like Giotto.
Title: The Lamentation, Arena/Scrovegni Chapel
Artist: Giotto
Medium: Fresco
Location: Padua, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: Important because it shows a major shift toward naturalism, with realistic emotions, depth, and a strong sense of human connection. This fresco was meant to make viewers feel the sorrow of Christ's followers, making religious stories more relatable and emotional.
Title: Arena/Scrovegni Chapel
Artist: Giotto
Medium: Fresco
Location: Padua, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: features Giotto's groundbreaking frescoes, which introduced realistic space, human emotion, and storytelling in art. Commissioned by Enrico Scrovegni for atonement, the chapel's paintings illustrate biblical scenes with depth and drama, shaping the future of Renaissance art.
Title: Annunciation
Artist: Simone Martini and Lippo Memmi
Medium: Tempera and gold leaf on panel
Location: n/a
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: elegant Gothic style, intricate detail, and expressive figures, which bring a sense of drama to the biblical scene. The painting was meant to capture the moment the Angel Gabriel tells Mary she will bear Christ, emphasizing divine communication through rich colors and flowing lines.
Title: Peaceful Country
Artist: Ambrogio Lorenzetti
Medium: Fresco
Location: Sala della Pace, Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: one of the first artworks to depict an idealized, harmonious landscape, showing the effects of good government. Part of his Allegory of Good and Bad Government frescoes, it was meant to express the benefits of justice and order in society through a detailed and naturalistic rural scene.
Title: Peaceful City
Artist: Ambrogio Lorenzetti
Medium: Fresco
Location: Sala della Pace, Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: significant for its detailed depiction of a well-governed urban environment, one of the earliest examples of secular civic art. As part of his Allegory of Good and Bad Government frescoes, it was meant to show how justice and good leadership create a thriving, orderly society.
Title: Mérode Altarpiece
Artist: Robert Campin
Medium: oil on panel
Location: n/a
Period: Early Northern Renaissance
Significance: for its detailed use of oil paint, creating a realistic and intimate depiction of the Annunciation in a domestic setting. The triptych was meant to make the biblical story feel personal and relatable, blending religious symbolism with everyday life.
Title: The Arnolfini Portrait
Artist: Jan van Eyck
Medium: oil on panel
Location: n/a
Period: Early Northern Renaissance
Significance: is important for its incredible detail, use of oil paint, and complex symbolism, making it one of the most studied paintings in art history. The portrait was meant to capture a wealthy couple's status while also including religious and marital symbolism, showcasing van Eyck's mastery of realism and light.
Title: Annunciation
Artist: Fra Angelico
Medium: Fresco
Location: San Marco, Florence, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its soft, graceful figures and use of light, creating a serene and spiritual atmosphere. The painting was meant to inspire devotion, depicting the moment the Angel Gabriel tells Mary she will bear Christ with simplicity and divine beauty.
Title: David
Artist: Donatello
Medium: Bronze
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: first free-standing nude sculpture since antiquity, showcasing a revival of classical techniques in the Renaissance. The statue was meant to symbolize both biblical heroism and Florence's strength, with its youthful, contemplative portrayal of David after defeating Goliath.
Title: David
Artist: Andrea del
Medium: Bronze
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its detailed realism and lively expression, reflecting the Renaissance focus on humanism and individualism. The sculpture was meant to symbolize youthful confidence and Florence's resilience, presenting David as a poised and victorious figure.
Title: Holy Trinity
Artist: Masaccio
Medium: Fresco
Location: Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its pioneering use of linear perspective, creating a realistic sense of depth in a religious painting. The fresco was meant to emphasize the unity of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit while also reminding viewers of mortality through the depiction of a tomb below.
Title: The Tribute Money
Artist: Masaccio
Medium: Fresco
Location: Brancacci Chapel, Florence, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its use of linear and atmospheric perspective, creating depth and naturalism in storytelling. The fresco was meant to illustrate Christ's teaching on civic duty, showing a tax payment scene with lifelike figures and realistic light and shadow.
Title: Birth of Venus
Artist: Botticelli
Medium: Tempera on canvas
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its elegant composition and revival of classical mythology, symbolizing beauty and divine love. The painting was meant to celebrate the ideals of humanism and neoplatonic thought, depicting Venus emerging from the sea as a vision of perfection and grace.
Title: Adoration of the Magi
Artist: Gentile da Fabriano
Medium: Tempera on panel
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its rich detail and luxurious use of gold leaf, showcasing the International Gothic style. The painting was meant to depict the reverence of the Magi toward the newborn Christ, emphasizing the wealth, splendor, and devotion of the moment.
Title: Madonna and Child with Angels
Artist: Fra Filippo Lippi
Medium: Tempera on panel
Location: n/a
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its tender, naturalistic portrayal of the Virgin Mary and Christ, reflecting the Renaissance focus on human emotion. The painting was meant to evoke devotion by presenting the holy figures in a relatable, intimate setting with soft light and detailed figures.
Title: Vitruvian Man
Artist: Leonardo
Medium: Pen, brown ink and watercolor over metalpoint on paper
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its exploration of human proportion and the blending of art and science, embodying Renaissance ideals of symmetry and the study of the human body. The drawing was meant to illustrate Vitruvius' concept of ideal human proportions, demonstrating the connection between mathematics, nature, and art.
Title: The Last Supper
Artist: Leonardo
Medium: Fresco
Location: Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its groundbreaking use of perspective and the emotional depth of the figures, making it one of the most iconic works of the Renaissance. The painting was meant to capture the dramatic moment when Jesus reveals that one of his disciples will betray him, conveying both the spiritual and human elements of the scene.
Title: Ginevra de' Benci
Artist: Leonardo
Medium: Oil on panel
Location: n/a
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its psychological depth and realistic portrayal of the sitter, showcasing Leonardo's skill in capturing individual character. The portrait was meant to highlight Ginevra's wealth and beauty while also including symbolic elements of virtue and the fleeting nature of life.
Title: Pietà
Artist: Michelangelo
Medium: Marble
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its extraordinary marble craftsmanship and emotional intensity, depicting the Virgin Mary holding the dead Christ with serene grace. The sculpture was meant to convey both the sorrow and the divine beauty of the moment, emphasizing compassion and the human experience of loss.
Title: David
Artist: Michelangelo
Medium: Marble
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its portrayal of the idealized human form and mastery of anatomy, symbolizing strength, courage, and youthful beauty. The statue was meant to represent both the biblical hero and the spirit of Florence, showcasing the city's resilience and power.
Title: Madonna of the Meadow
Artist: Raphael
Medium: Oil on panel
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its harmonious composition, use of space, and idealized portrayal of the Virgin Mary and Child. The painting was meant to convey divine serenity and maternal love, blending classical beauty with a deep sense of spirituality.
Title: The Marriage of the Virgin
Artist: Perugino
Medium: Oil on panel
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: is important for its use of perspective and delicate detail, showing the Renaissance interest in both religious themes and the scientific study of space. The painting was meant to depict the sacred union of Mary and Joseph, emphasizing harmony, balance, and divine grace.
Title: School of Athens
Artist: Raphael
Medium: Fresco
Location: Stanza della Segnatura, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its masterful use of perspective, showcasing a gathering of ancient philosophers in a grand architectural setting. The fresco was meant to celebrate knowledge and intellectual achievement, highlighting the connection between classical philosophy and Renaissance thought.
Title: The Tempest
Artist: Giorgione
Medium: Oil on canvas
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its mysterious and atmospheric quality, blending landscape with human figures in a way that evokes emotion and intrigue. The painting was meant to capture a moment of ambiguity, with symbolic elements that invite different interpretations about nature, human experience, and the unknown.
Title: Venus of Urbino
Artist: Titian
Medium: Oil on canvas
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its sensual portrayal of the female nude, blending idealized beauty with a sense of intimacy and realism. The painting was meant to evoke themes of love and marriage, while celebrating the natural beauty of the female form in a luxurious domestic setting.
Guild
An association of merchants, craftspersons, or scholars in medieval and Renaissance Europe.
Humanism
In the Renaissance, an emphasis on education and on expanding knowledge (especially of classical antiquity), the exploration of individual potential and a desire to excel, and a commitment to civic responsibility and moral duty.
Cartoon
In painting, a full-size preliminary drawing from which a painting is made.
chiaroscuro
In drawing or painting, the treatment and use of light and dark, especially the gradations of light that produce
International Gothic
A style of 14th- and 15th-century painting begun by Simone Martini, who fused the French Gothic manner with Sienese art. This style appealed to the aristocracy because of its brilliant color, lavish costumes, intricate ornamentation, and themes involving splendid processions of knights and ladies.
trompe l'oeil
French, "fools the eye." A form of illusionistic painting that aims to deceive viewers into believing that they are seeing real objects rather than a representation of those objects.
Neo-Platonism
An ancient school of philosophy based on the ideas of Plato, revived during the Renaissance and modified by the teachings
poesia
A term describing "poetic" art, notably Venetian Renaissance painting, which emphasizes the lyrical and sensual.
Mannerism
A style of later Renaissance art that emphasized "artifice," often involving contrived imagery not derived directly from nature. Such artworks showed a self-conscious stylization involving complexity, caprice, fantasy, and polish. Mannerist architecture tended to flout the classical rules of order, stability, and symmetry, sometimes to the point of parody.
Sfumato
The subtle and minute gradation of tone and color used to blur or veil the contours of a form in painting.
Title: The Delphic Sibyl
Artist: Michelangelo
Medium: Fresco
Location: Sistine Chapel, Vatican
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its dynamic composition and powerful depiction of the ancient prophetess, showcasing the artist's mastery of the human form. The fresco was meant to capture the Sibyl's prophetic strength and connection to divine knowledge, blending classical mythology with Christian themes in the Sistine Chapel.
Title: The Lamentation
Artist: Giotto
Medium: Fresco
Location: Arena Chapel, Padua, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its emotional depth and innovative use of space, marking a shift toward more naturalistic and human-centered art. The fresco was meant to convey the sorrow and grief of Christ's followers, capturing their emotional reactions to his death with a sense of realism and empathy.
Title: Ospedale degli Innocenti or Foundling Hospital
Artist: Filippo Brunelleschi
Medium: Pietra serena and stucco
Location: Florence, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: is important for its pioneering use of classical architecture, especially its harmonious proportions and use of arches. The building was meant to provide a safe haven for abandoned children, reflecting Renaissance ideals of order, symmetry, and humanist concern for social welfare.
Title: Madonna and Child
Artist: Luca della Robbia
Medium: Glazed terracotta
Location: Or San Michele, Florence, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its innovative use of glazed terracotta, creating vibrant, durable sculptures that became widely admired during the Renaissance. The work was meant to evoke devotion and compassion, portraying the Virgin Mary and the Christ child in a tender, serene manner.
Title: Palazzo Medici-Riccardi
Artist: Michelozzo
Medium: stone masonry
Location: Florence, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its early use of Renaissance architectural principles, including symmetry, clear geometric forms, and the integration of classical elements. The palace was meant to reflect the wealth and power of the Medici family, while also showcasing the humanist ideals of the time through its design and grandeur.
Title: Santa Maria Novella (West façade)
Artist: Leon Battista Alberti
Medium: Marble
Location: Florence, Italy
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its harmonious blend of Gothic and Renaissance architectural styles, showcasing Alberti's mastery of proportion and geometry. The façade was meant to convey the church's sacred significance while also reflecting the humanist ideals of order and beauty through its balanced, classical design.
Title: Marriage of the Virgin
Artist: Raphael
Medium: Oil on panel
Location: n/a
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its graceful composition and use of perspective, highlighting the Renaissance interest in realistic space and human emotion. The painting was meant to depict the sacred union of Mary and Joseph, emphasizing harmony, divine grace, and the significance of this biblical event.
Title: The Transfiguration
Artist: Raphael
Medium: Oil on panel
Location: N/A
Period: Southern Renaissance
Significance: important for its dramatic contrast between the divine and earthly realms, showcasing the artist's mastery of color, light, and composition. The painting was meant to capture the moment of Christ's transfiguration, highlighting his divine nature while also conveying the emotional turmoil of his disciples below.
Note 
Flashcard (25)