History - Philisophy: Thinkers

Thomas Hobbes

People need to abide by a social contract to stop the chaos of natural life.

John Locke

Natural rights - Life, liberty, and property

Baron de Montesquieu

Separation of powers

Voltaire

Freedom of thought and expression

Jean Jaques Rousseau

Social contract theory, advocating that government should be based on the general will of the people.

Cesare Beccaria

Abolishment of torture

Mary Wollstonecraft

Women’s equality

Deism

God exists and sets the universe with its own natural laws

Popular Sovreignty

People choose who they want to lead by popular vote

Consent of the Governed

One of Thomas Hobbes’s theories

Philosophe

The social critics in France during this period in time

Absolutism

Dictatorship and monarchy

Divine Right of Kings

Monarchs get their authority from god and cannot be held accountable by their subjects

Liberty vs. Freedom

Freedom means you can act without external restraint

Natural Rights

John Locke’s idea: Every man has the right to freedom and property (also influenced the Declaration of Independence)

Deism

God exists and creates a universe with it’s own natural laws

Social Contract Theory

People live together in a society that supports moral and political rules of behavior

Free Will

Connected to the social contract theory

State of Nature

Thinking device that helps philosophers see how humans have developed over time

Real name of Statue of Liberty

Liberty Enlightening the World