Pharm Quiz 3 - Renal Drugs

mannitol action

creates a gradient to draw fluids from the intracellular space into the bloodstream and urine

mannitol uses

cerebral edema, intraocular pressure

mannitol AEs

hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (serious), confusion, headache, syncope, cardiac dysrhythmias, nausea, vomiting, dehydration

spironolactone action

blocks the effects of aldosterone to promote excretion of sodium and water while retaining potassium

spironolactone uses

heart failure, ascites, hypokalemia, hypertension

spironolactone AEs

dizziness, headache, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, tumorigenic BBW

hydrochlorothiazide action

blocks the reabsorption of sodium, water, and chloride in the distal convoluted tubule but requires adequate urine flow

hydrochlorothiazide uses

hypertension, edema associated with heart failure, acute glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome

hydrochlorothiazide AEs

hypotension, weakness, dizziness, diarrhea, constipation, electrolyte imbalances, hyperglycemia

lasix action

blocks the reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and water at the loop of Henle producing significant diuresis

lasix uses

acute pulmonary edema, hypertension, heart failure, hepatic and kidney disease

lasix AEs

fluid and electrolyte imbalances, ototoxicity

orlistat action

prevents absorption of dietary fats

orlistat uses

clinically obese

orlistat AEs

abdominal pain, oily spotting, fecal urgency, incontinence, flatulence with discharge, fatty stools, increased defecation

amphetamine uses

used to be prescribed for weight management but no longer recommended as a Schedule II controlled substance with high abuse potential 

acetazolamide action

controls fluid secretion in the CNS

acetazolamide uses

seizures, glaucoma, edema due to heart failure