Frogs & Toads in Ohio

This set of flashcards covers key concepts, definitions, and characteristics of frogs and toads in Ohio, their anatomy, reproduction, taxonomy, and conservation.

What is the taxonomy of frogs and toads in Ohio?

Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata, Subphylum Vertebrata, Class Amphibia, Order Anura.

What does 'Anura' mean in Greek?

It means 'no tail' and includes all frogs and toads.

What are key morphological features of frogs?

Short body, large head, projectile tongue, longer hind limbs, no ribs, few trunk vertebrae.

Describe the reproduction process in frogs.

Frogs use external fertilization; males clasp females (amplexus) to fertilize expelled eggs.

What is amplexus?

The mating position of frogs where the male clasps the female.

How long does it take for a common frog to reach maturity?

Approximately three years.

What factors influence egg mass variability in frogs?

Water temperature and oxygen levels affect egg mass variability.

What adaptations do tree frogs have for climbing?

Rounded terminal phalanges (suction cups) and slender legs.

What distinguishes frogs from toads?

Frogs have smooth skin and long legs for leaping; toads have warty skin and short legs.

What is Chytridiomycosis?

Fungal amphibian disease (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) causing severe frog population declines.

What are some invasive species of frogs and toads mentioned?

Cane toad, which was released in Australia in the 1930s to control beetle populations.

List four families of frogs and toads found in Ohio.

Family Bufonidae (Toads), Family Scaphiopodidae (Spadefoot Toads), Family Hylidae (Tree Frogs), Family Ranidae (True Frogs).

What are the characteristics of the American Bullfrog?

North America's largest frog, rounded snout; males'

What are the typical habitats of frogs and toads in Ohio?

Frogs and toads are typically found in ponds, swamps, and vernal pools.

What is the duration of metamorphosis in frogs?

Metamorphosis can last from about six months to two years.

Why is it important to conserve frogs and toads?

Frogs and toads are vital to ecosystems, and their decline indicates environmental issues.