Psychology 3

Consciousness

our subjective awareness of ourselves and everything that is going on around us at any given moment

waking consciousness

state in which thoughts, feelings, and sensations are clear and organized, and the person feels alert.

what is selective attention

A: focusing conscious awareness on a particular stimulus.ex-cocktail party phenomenon. Attention is a limited-capacity system

what is dual tasking

A: is often just switching attention between tasks, and results in decreased or impaired performance in both.ex-driving while texting or talking

In Attentional blindness

Failing to see stimuli when your attention is directed elsewhere. ex-invisible gorilla

what is change blindness?

A: a form of in attentional blindness where you fail to see changes in your environment

what is duel processing?

A:cognitive unconscious

cognitive processes

include perception, memory, thinking, language, etc. \Are the results of both unconscious, automatic, and attentional, controlled processes.

Automatic procesess

don’t require attention or conscious awareness.Innate or highly practiced. Occur in parallel

controlled process

require attention or conscious awareness. New. Occur sequentially(one at a time)

what is a Altered state of consciousness?

state in which there is a shift in the quality or pattern of mental activity as compared to waking consciousness

what is a Circadian rhythm?

a cycle of bodily rhythm that occurs a twenty-four-hour period.Circa=about.Diem=day

what is a Hypothamulus?

tiny section of the brain that influences the glandular system. tells the pineal gland to secrete melatonin

what is melatonin?

makes a person sleepy

what are Micro sleeps?

brief sidestep into sleep lasting only a few seconds

what is sleep deprivation?

a significant loos of sleep resulting in irribility and problems with concentration

why do we sleep?

A: Sleep protects, sleep helps us recuperate, sleep helps us restore and rebuild our fading memories of the day’s experience, sleep feeds creative thinking, sleep supports growth.

ra

Flashcard

Q: What is Rapid Eye Movement (REM)

Flashcard

A: stage of sleep in which the eyes move rapidly under the eyelids and the person is typically experiencing a dream

what is NREM

A: NREM stands for Non-Rapid Eye Movement sleep.Any of the stages that do not include REM

what is N1- light sleep

may experience- Hypnagogic images or hypnic jerk

hypnagogic images

hallucinations or vivid visual events

hypnic jerk

knees, legs, or whole bogy jerk

What is N2-Sleep spindles

brief busting of activity only lasting a second or two

What is N3-Deep Sleep

deepest stage of sleep. 50% or more of waves are delta waves. Body at lowest level of function. Time in which growth occurs

What is REM sleep?

paradoxical sleep(high level of brain activity). if awakened during REM sleep,sleepers almost always report a dream.

what is REM bound?

increased amounts of REM sleep after being deprived of REM sleep on earlier nights

What is sleepwalking (somnambulism)

episodes of moving around or walking around in ones sleep. Occurs in deep sleep. More common in children then adults

What are nightmares?

bad dreams occurring during REM sleep

what is REM behavior disorder?

mechanism that blocks the movement of the voluntary muscles fails. Allows the person to thrash around, or even get up and act out nightmares

What are night terrors?

this person experiences extreme fear and screams or run around during deep sleep. Does not wake fully. Relatively rare disorder, more comment in children.

What is insomnia?

the inability to get enough sleep, stay asleep, or get a good quality of sleep

What is sleep apnea?

disorder in which the person stops breathing for nearly half a minute or more. Continuous positive airway pressure device (CPAP)

what is Narcolepsy?

Sleep disorder in which a person falls asleep immediately into REM sleep during the day with out warning.

what is cataplexy?

sudden loss of muscle tone

what is sleep paralysis?

hypnopompic hallucinations

what is Frued?

dreams as wish fulfillment

what is manifest content?

the dream itself

what is latent content?

the true hidden meaning of a dream

what is activation synthesis hypothesis?

dreams are created by the higher centers of the cortex to explain the brains stem’s activation of cortical cells during REM sleep periods

Why do we dream?

wish fulfilment(Freud), to file away memories, to develop and preserve neural pathways, to make sense of neural noise( activation synthesis theory)

what is hypnosis?

state of consciousness in which the person is especially susceptible to suggestion

what are the four elements of hypnosis?

hypnotists tells the person to focus on what is being said, person is told to relax and feel tired, hypnotists tells person to “ let go” and accept suggestions easily.

what is a psychoactive drug?

drugs that alter thinking, perception, and memory. Psychological dependence

what is tolerance?

more and more of the drug is needed to achieve the same effect

what is withdrawal?

physiological symptoms resulting from a lack of an addictive drug in the body systems. Can include nausea, pain, tremors, crankiness, and high blood pressure

what is psychological dependence?

the feeling that a drug is needed to continue a feeling of emotional or psychological well-being.

What is substance abuse disorder diagnosis?

2-3 symptoms= mild, 4-5 symptoms= moderate, 6 or more symptoms= severe

what is a stimulants?

drugs that can increase the functioning of the nervous system

what is a Amphetamines?

drugs that are synthesized( made in a lab) rather then found in nature. Ex- cocaine, caffeine, niccotine

What is a depressant?

drugs that decreases the functioning of the nervous system

what are barbiturates?

depressants drugs that have a sedative effect

what are benzodiazepines?

drugs that lower anxiety and reduce stress

What are halucinogens?

drugs including hallucinogens and marijuana that produce hallucinations or increased feelings of relaxation and intoxication.

what are narcotics?

suppressed the sensation of pain by binding to and stimulating the nervous systems natural receptor sites for endorphins