Energy Flow & Food Webs

Flow represents: energy, matter, both

Flow represents: energy, matter, both

energy

Cycles represents: energy, matter, both

nutrients

Enters ecosystem via autotrophs represents: energy, matter, both

both

Lost as heat represents: energy, matter, both

energy

Passed through the food chain represents: energy, matter, both

both

Ultimate source for the community is the sun represents: energy, matter, both

energy

Matter represents: energy, matter, both

nutrientes

Feeds on alive or recently dead organisms

Consumer

aka producer

autotrophs

Any organism that eats organic matter

Heterotroph

Feeds on dead organic matter

detritivore

Herbivore

Heterotroph

Converts light energy to chemical energy

Autotroph

Ex: fungi and some bacteria

Saprotrophs

Ex: algae and some bacteria

Autotrophs

Obtains energy by eating

Consumer

Feeds on dead organic matter

detritivore

Herbivore

Heterotroph

Secretes digestive enzymes outside the body

Saprotrophs

Make organic nutrients from inorganic molecules

Autotriph

Trophic Level: Grass

1st (autotroph)

Trophic Level: Cricket

2nd (primary consumer/heterotroph)

Trophic Level: Snake via bird

4th (tertiary)

Trophic Level: Lion

3rd (secondary consumer)

Trophic Level: Bird

3rd (secondary consumer)

Trophic Level: Hawk via snake

Saprotrophs

Ex: algae and some bacteria

Autotrophs

Obtains energy by eating

Consumer

Ex: amobea and bats

Consumer

The photo illustrates chemical energy that is

1. Destroyed

2. Lost as heat

3. Not eaten

4. Not absorbed

5. Recycled

3. Not eaten

The photo illustrates chemical energy that is

1. Destroyed

2. Lost as heat

3. Not eaten

4. Not absorbed

5. Recycled

2. Lost as heat

The photo illustrates chemical energy that is

1. Destroyed

2. Lost as heat

3. Not eaten

4. Not absorbed

5. Recycled

4. Not absorbed

There is 26550.5 J of energy in the 1st trophic level.

How much energy is there in the 2nd trophic level?

2655.05 J

There is 26550.5 J of energy in the 1st trophic level.

How much energy is there in the snakes’s trophic level?

265.505 J

There is 26550.5 J of energy in the 1st trophic level.

How much energy is there in the hawks’s trophic level?

26.5505 J

Why isn't there a fifth trophic level?

There is not enough energy to support another trophic level.

Define food chain

Models that show flow of energy through ecosystems

What did the arrows represent in a food chain?

Represents the flow of energy between organisms, and producers are always at the bottom

Define food webs

Shows multiple food chains at once

Trophic levels in food webs

• Organisms are not grounded by trophic levels

• Trophic levels can be determined by counting the number of arrows back to the original source

• One species can occupy more than one trophic level

Autotrophs energy

Uses energy from light (photoautotrophs) or inorganic chemicals (chemoautotrophs) to form organic compounds witch chemical energy.

Consumer nutrients

Ingests another organism that is still alive or recently died

Autotrophs nutrients

Uses carbon dioxide (CO2), water, and minerals to make organic compounds

Consumer energy

Feeding on other organisms that are still alive or recently died. Uses chemical energy that is stored in organic molecules to fuel life processes.

Detritus

Dead organic matter

• Dead leaves and other parts of plants

• Feathers, hair, and other dead animals

• Feces from animals

Detritivore energy

Feeds of detritus. Uses chemical energy stored in orgnaic molecules to fuel life process

Detritiovre nutrients

Ingests detritus

Saprotrophs energy

Secretes digestive enzymes onto detritus and then absorbing the products of digestion. Uses chemical energy soted in other chemical process to fuel life process

Saprotrophs nutrients

Obtains nutrients from detritus. Brekas down organisms and releases inorganic elements (nitrogen, or phosphorus) into the ecosystem. Inorganic elements can be used again by other organisms

What does an energy pyramid show?

Bar length is proportional to the amount of energy in the new trophic level

Not all biomass is moved to the next level. (chemical energy is lost as heat, not absorbed, not eaten)

1. Amount of energy converted to new biomass at each trophic level

2. At each trophic level there is less energy available for the next level

3. After a few trophic levels, the amount of energy that remains is not enough to support life.

4. There for the number of trophic levels in a food chain is limited.