Neurological System Function, Assessment, and Therapeutic Measures

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the neurological system, including anatomy, functions, age-related changes, and assessment techniques.

What are the two divisions of the nervous system?

Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

What is an action potential?

A nerve impulse that allows nerve cells to communicate.

What are the three layers of connective tissue that cover the CNS?

Meninges.

What does the thalamus do?

Filters sensory input.

Identify the cranial nerve responsible for smell.

Olfactory nerve.

What is the primary function of the medulla oblongata?

Regulates vital life functions.

What is the main role of the cerebellum?

Coordinates involuntary aspects of voluntary movement such as balance and posture.

What changes occur in the nervous system due to aging?

Decreased blood flow to the brain, decreased acetylcholine, impaired cognition and reasoning.

What is the Glasgow Coma Scale used for?

To describe and document a patient's level of consciousness.

What is the purpose of a lumbar puncture?

To analyze cerebrospinal fluid for diagnostic purposes.

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

31 pairs.

What is the term for involuntary reflexes triggered by sensory input?

Spinal cord reflexes.

Which part of the nervous system is dominant in stressful situations?

Sympathetic Division of the Autonomic Nervous System.

What is the significance of Wernicke's area?

It is involved in the comprehension of speech.

Name the four main parts of the brain.

Brainstem, Cerebellum, Diencephalon, and Cerebrum.

What intervention can help with impaired swallowing?

Thicken liquids and position the patient upright for eating.