2.2.5 energy profiles with and without catalysts and maxwell-boltzman distribution curves

how do catalysts increase rate of reaction

provide reactants with an alternative reaction pathways which is lower in activation energy than the uncatalysed reaction

what happens to the catalyst after the reaction

it remains chemically unaltered

what 3 ways do catalysts reduce environmental impact of industrial processes

reduce energy requirements as reactions can occur at lower temperatures and pressures

reduce waste products as can be reused and only in small quantities so increase atom economy

increase selectivity of processes,

promoting specific reactions and supressing undesired side reactions

draw the reaction profile with and without a catalyst for an exothermic reaction

what does a maxwell boltzmann distribution curve show

distribution of energies at a certain temperature

draw example maxwell boltzman curve

what does the graph show about the amount of particles with the activation energy

only a small proporiton of particles in the sample have enough energy for a successful collision and for a chemical reaction: only small amount past activation energy

where is the most probable energy

at the highest point of the curves peak

what happens to the curve when temperature increases

curve flattens and peak shifts to the right

why

when temp increases, particles gain more kinetic energy so particles move around faster resulting in more frequent collisions and higher proportion of particles posses activation energy

draw an example of maxwell boltzmann curve with increased temperature

what happens to the curve with a catalyst

curve remains the same but activation energy closer to y axis and so more particle have the minimum energy

why

catalysts provide another reaction pathway with lower activation energy so with lower ea greater proportion have sufficient energy for a successful collison

draw the maxwell boltzman distribution curve with a catalyst

is the peak of a higher temperature more to the right or left and lower or higher

more to the right and lower

what is the area under the graph

the particles with that energy