F1 History Ancient Rome Political History

River Tiber

republic

A government in which citizens rule through elected representatives

the Roman Republic

Founded in 509 BC after overthrowing the last king of Rome and before the establishment of the Roman Empire in 27 BC

plebeians

commoners; farmers and workers in Rome

patricians

nobles, wealthy landowners, who became Rome's ruling class

slaves

lowest social class in Rome

Consuls

two patricians who lead the government of ancient Rome

the Senate

A group of 300 male patricians elected to govern Rome in the Roman Republic.

Tribunes

2 elected plebeians represented plebeians in the Roman Republic. They had the power to veto decisions made by the Senate.

power to veto

power held by the Tribunes to forbid the decisions of the Senate

the Assembly

This section of the Roman Republic which elected the two consuls. It consisted of plebeians.

the Roman Empire

Established in 27 BC by Augustus Caesar after the end of the Roman Republic

Julius Caesar

100-44 B.C. Roman general who became the republic's dictator in 45 B.C. Killed because he was too popular.

Brutus

Young senator and friend of Julius Caesar who killed him.

Octavian Caesar

The nephew and appointed successor of Caesar. He later changed his name to Augustus.
First Emperor of Rome.

Pax Romana

Period of peace and prosperity in the Roman Empire. Also known as Roman Peace.

Senators

a member of a senate

Barbarians

uncivilized people