Medical Terminology Final Study Guide

What does apnea mean?

absence of breathing

What is the term for slow breathing?

bradypnea

What does hyperpnea mean?

increased breathing

What term means the same as nosebleed?

epistaxis

Which term means surgical opening of the trachea?

trachestomy

Which of the following is a photoelectric device for determining the oxygen saturation of the blood?

pulse oximeter

What does expectorate mean?

To cough/spit up

What is the passage of airway to the lungs?

Pharynx, larynx, trachea, alveoli

What is the term for difficult breathing in all positions except an upright position?

orthopnea

What is the membrane that surrounds the lungs?

pleura

Which term means the drawing of air into the lungs?

inspiration

What does hemoptysis mean?

spitting up blood

What does dyphonia mean?

hoarsness

Which term means normal breathing?

Eupnea

What is the lidlike flap that covers the larynx during the swallowing of food?

epiglottis

A nasal calculus is which of the following?

rhinolith

What is the condition marked by recurrent attacks of dyspnea and wheezing?

asthma

What does phrenitis mean?

inflamed diaphragm

What is the name of the instrument that measures the amount of air taken in and expelled from the lungs?

spirometer

Which of the following means runny nose?

rhinorrhea

What is surgical puncture of the lungs?

pneumocentesis

What is the name of a respiratory disorder characterized by destruction of the alveolar walls?

Emphysema

Which of the following is the meaning of pharyngodynia?

sore throat

What is pleurisy?

Inflammation of the membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the walls of the chest cavity

What is the name of the pendant, fleshy tissue that projects from the back part of the mouth?

uvula

What does pulmonologist mean?

a physician specializing in the lungs

Which of the following is an acute, infectious disease characterized by cough ending in a whooping inspiration?

pertussis

What term means hemorrhage from the nose?

rhinorrhagia

Which term means the sense of smell?

olfaction

What does phrenoptosis mean?

prolapse of the diaphragm

Which of the following is an infectious disease that may occur in other parts of the body but commonly affects the lungs?

tuberculosis

Which of the following means protrusion of a portion of the stomach through a defect in the diaphragm?

hiatal hernia

What is inflamed in stomatitis?

mouth

Which of the following is most likely to yield an uncontaminated urine specimen?

catheterization

What is the term for the external opening of the urethra?

urinary meatus

Which of the following substances is generally detectable in normal urine?

urea

What are glomeruli?

Clusters of capillaries that act as filters

True or False: Deficiency in the number of sperm is Oligospermia.

True

Which of the following is an elective sterilization procedure for women?

tubal ligation

Which term means abnormal or difficult labor?

dystocia

Which term means the medical specialty that is concerned with pregnancy and childbirth and includes the time immediately after childbirth?

obstetrics

What is menarche?

onset of menstruation

Drawing away from the middle is a movement called

abduction

The term that means pertaining to below the ribs is

subcoastal

The term that means pertaining to the wrist is

carpal

The structure that attaches muscle to bone is called the

tendon

The term for a common nerve entrapment disorder of the wrist is

carpal tunnel syndrome

The foot bones are called the

tarsals

The set of vertebrae that forms the inward curve of the spine is called

lumbar

Dense, hard layers of bone tissue that lie underneath the periosteum are

compact bone

The suffix -clasis is defined as a

to break

The term that means a developing bone cell is

osteoblast

Because of the patient's open fracture, she had contracted _, inflammation of the bone and bone marrow.

osetomyelitis

The surgical repair of cartilage is called

chondroplasty

An abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe is called

bunion

The outermost layer of the bone is the

periosteum

The auditory tube is another name for which tube?

eustachian

The combining form salping(o) sometimes refers to which structure?

eustachian

Muscles of which structure regulate the amount of light entering the eye?

iris

Which of the following is impairment of vision due to advancing years or old age?

presbyopia

Which of the following secretes tears?

lacrimal gland

Which term means the absence of external ears at birth?

anotia

Which term means an increased sensitivity to odors?

hyperosmia

A 23-year-old woman has swelling in her eyelid after an infection caused by her eye makeup. What is another term for this swelling?

blepharedema

A physician uses an otoscope to examine a patient's ear. She notes that the patient has inflammation of the tympanic membrane, also referred to as which of the following?

myringitis

Which of the following refers to color blindness?

Achromatic vision

What does hordeolum mean?

sty

Which of the following terms means a ringing, buzzing, roaring, or other noises in the ear?

tinnitus

A patient reports she has been having difficulty smelling since her cold started. What is this impairment called?

anosmia

A young patient requires an eye patch because of reduced vision in one eye that cannot be corrected by glasses. What is this condition called?

strabismus

A 14-year-old boy who is on the high school swim team complains of pain in his ear. His physician diagnoses the pain as swimmer's ear, resulting from exposure to a fungus. What is the term for this condition?

otomycosis

Which term means a yellowish, brown waxy substance that lubricates and protects the ear?

cerumen or earwax

What is the term for farsightedness?

hyperopia

Which surgical procedure is performed to correct ptosis?

blepharoplasty

What is nearsightedness called?

myopia

Which term means drooping of the eyelid?

ptosis

What does the combining form ocul(o) refer to?

eye

After a concussion, a 17-year-old boy says that he is sensitive to light and needs to wear sunglasses when inside. This excessive sensitivity to light is referred to as which of the following?

photophobia

What does otosclerosis mean?

hardening of middle and inner ear structures

A 7-year-old girl complains of an earache. What is the term for this?

otalgia

A patient reports she no longer drives at night because she has difficulty seeing. Which of the following terms matches this symptom?

nyctalopia

What is a term for an opacity on or in the lens or capsule of the eye, often impairing vision or causing blindness?

cataract

Which of the following is an abnormal condition of increased pressure within the eye?

glaucoma

Which of the following is a means of measuring intraocular pressure?

tonometry

What does vertigo mean?

dizziness

The dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater constitute the three _.

meninges

Levels of consciousness are measured on the scale.

glasgow coma

Measurement of the electrical activity of the brain is the process of _.

electroencephalography

Which of the following is an exocrine gland?

sweat gland

Which of the following is a probable way of dealing with hyperthyroidism?

thyroidectomy

Epinephrine is produced by which of the following?

adrenal glands

Which statement is true of epinephrine?

it is a hormone that helps the body resist stress

What causes myxedema?

hypothyroidism in adults

What is the name of structures that have the ability to manufacture chemical substances that are discharged and used in some other part of the body?

glands

Which part of the adrenal gland produces epinephrine?

medulla

What does lactogenesis mean?

production of milk

Which term means excessive hunger and uncontrolled eating?

polyphagia

Hyperinsulinism results in which of the following?

hypoglycemia

Which term means excessive development of the male breast?

Gynecomastia

Which of the following is another name for the pituitary gland?

hypophysis