L2_Nucleic acid chemistry

what is nucleic acid

long chain of repeated subunits of neucltids

name component of nucleotide

1 nitrogenous base

2 pentose sugar

3 one or more than phosphate group

nitrogenous base is 2 types name them

purine pyridine

name the site of purine

both Dna and RNA

mention types of purine

adinine

guanine

mention site of uracil

RNA

mention site of thymine

DNA

Which pyridine found in both DNA and RNA

CYTOSINE

WHICH NITROGENOUS BASE HAS 2 RINGS

purine

name 1 difference between asinine and guanine

guanine has an aditional o than asinine

which type of nitrogenous base has on ring

pyrimidine

compare between 3 of pyrimidine

cytosine has additional nh2 group

thymine has an o group plus ch3 group(hydroxyl)

uracil has an additional o group

type of pentose sugars

deoxy ribose

ribose

what kind of nucleotide deoxyribose from

deoxyriboneuclitide

what kind of nucleotide ribose from

ribonieclitide

definition of nucleoside

pentose sugar that formed a bond with nitrogenous base through c1 of sugar by glycosidic bond

what type of nucleosides ribose form

what type of nucleoside deoxyribose form

ribonucleoside

deoxyribonucleic side

which carbon pf pentose phosphate group attach to

what bond

c5

by ester bond

nucleoside + phosphate=

nucleotide

functions of nucleotides

1 building block of DNA AND RNA

2 sources of energy tAp GTP

3mediate action of hormones cAMP cGMP as second messenger

4co enzymes NAD FAD NADP

5 chemical compound activators ump glucose synthesis of glycogen

cop choline and cop ethanol amine synthesis of phspholipid

6 chemical group donor

PAPS donor of sulfate synthesis of sulfo lipids

sam donor of methyl in transmethylation reaction( adenosine ribs phosphate)

synthetic analogue

nucleotides made outside human body by altering ring or sugar

use

treatment of gout like allopurinol inhibit xanthine oxidation so reduces uric acid synthesis

use

chemotherapy

5 floruracil

6 mercaptopurine

chemo therapy by inhibiting synthesis of dNA in rapid growing cancer cells