Boiling Points, Solutions, and Colligative Properties

These flashcards cover key concepts related to boiling points, solutions, and colligative properties from the lecture notes.

What does the boiling point data in the hydrocarbons table indicate about the relationship between molar mass and boiling point?

As the molar mass of hydrocarbons increases, their boiling points also increase.

Which hydrogen halide has the highest boiling point among HF, HCl, HBr, and HI?

HI has the highest boiling point among these hydrogen halides.

What is the strongest type of intermolecular force (IMF) found in CH3COOH?

Hydrogen bonding is the strongest IMF found in CH3COOH.

Which factor does NOT affect the vapor pressure of a substance?

The identity of the substance does not affect the vapor pressure.

What is meant by 'like dissolves like' in the context of solubility?

Solutes tend to dissolve in solvents that have similar chemical properties, such as polar solutes in polar solvents.

Define miscible in the context of solutions.

Miscible refers to two substances that are soluble in all proportions, meaning there is no limit to their solubility in each other.

What occurs during the process of dissolution of a solute in a solvent?

Dissolution involves breaking solute-solute interactions and forming solute-solvent interactions.

What happens to the boiling point of a solvent when a non-volatile solute is added?

The boiling point of the solvent increases when a non-volatile solute is added.

What is the van't Hoff factor and how does it relate to electrolytes?

The van't Hoff factor (i) is the ratio of actual particle concentration to the calculated concentration, accounting for dissociation in electrolyte solutions.

What are the two colligative properties that deal with the changes in freezing and boiling points?

Freezing point depression and boiling point elevation are colligative properties that depend on the concentration of solute.