Copy of (11)2P_PARTIAL_REVIEW_11TH

Sorting algorithms

Algorithms used to sort data in a particular format, such as Bubble Sort and Insertion Sort.

Searching algorithms

Algorithms used to find a specific value or record, such as Linear Search and Binary Search.

Graph Algorithms

Algorithms used to solve problems like finding the shortest path between cities, such as the Traveling Salesman Problem.

Algorithm

A well-defined sequential computational technique that accepts input and produces output to solve a problem.

Efficiency

The ability of an algorithm to perform tasks quickly and accurately.

Consistency

The property of algorithms to produce consistent results every time they are executed.

Scalability

The ability of algorithms to handle large datasets or complex problems.

Automation

The use of algorithms to automate repetitive tasks, reducing the need for human intervention.

Standardization

The process of standardizing and sharing algorithms among different teams or organizations.

Expression

A legal grouping of letters, symbols, and numbers used to represent the value of one or more variables.

Framework

A foundation with a specified level of complexity that can be altered by the programmer, providing a favorable environment for programming.

Hardcode

Code that is not likely to change and is built into hardware or software.

Loop

A sequence of instructions that repeat the same process until a condition is met.

Endless loop

A continuous repetition of a program snippet that is everlasting.

Iteration

A single pass through a set of operations that deal with code, often achieved through loops.

Keywords

Reserved words in a programming language that have special meaning and perform specific tasks.

Null

The lack of any value whatsoever, often represented by a null character in programming.

Operand

Objects that can be manipulated using different operators in an expression.

Operator

Objects that manipulate operands in an expression to perform actions.

Variable

A location that stores temporary data within a program and can be modified.

Pointer

A variable that contains the address of a location in the memory.

High-level language

A programming language that lets developers write programs irrespective of the type of computer.

Low-level language

A language that is very close to machine language and provides little abstraction of programming concepts.

Machine language

The lowest-level programming language consisting of binary digits or bits that are read by computers.

Markup language

A language used to format the overall view of a page and its contents, such as HTML or XML.

Package

An organized module of related interfaces and classes in programming.

Runtime

The time period during which a program is running on a computer.

Backend

The background tasks performed in programming that users don't directly see.

Front-end

The user interface of a computer or device that users interact with.

Server-side

Procedures and processes performed on the server in programming.

Source data

The key location from which data is used in a program.

Statement

A single line of code that expresses an action to be carried out in programming.

Syntax

The set of rules in a programming language that govern how statements can be conveyed.

Token

A single element of a programming language, such as a keyword or operator.

Algorithm

A set of instructions or rules designed to solve a definite problem.

Flowchart

A diagram that shows the sequential steps of a process and the decisions needed to make the process work.

Program

An organized collection of instructions that, when executed, perform a specific task or function.

API

Application Programming Interface, a set of rules, routines, and protocols to build software applications.

Argument

A value that is passed into a command or a function.

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interexchange, a standard that assigns letters, numbers, and other characters different slots in the 8-bit code.

Boolean

An expression used for creating statements that are either TRUE or FALSE.

Bug

An unexpected error or defect in hardware or software that causes it to malfunction.

Char

A display unit of information equal to one alphabetic letter or symbol.

Objects

A combination of related variables, constants, and other data structures that can be selected and manipulated together.

Object-Oriented Programming

A programming model that revolves around objects and data rather than 'actions' and 'logic'.

Class

A set of related objects with common properties.

Code

A written set of instructions, written using the protocols of a particular language.

Command-line interface

A user interface based on text used to view and manage computer files.

Compilation

The process of creating an executable program through code written in a compiled programming language.

Conditionals

Features of a programming language that help the code make a choice and result in either TRUE or FALSE.

Constants

Values that do not change throughout the execution of the program.

Data types

The classification of a particular type of data.

Array

Lists or groups of similar types of data values that are grouped together.

Declaration

A statement that describes a variable, function, or any other identifier.

Exception

A special, unexpected, and anomalous condition encountered during the execution of a program.