Module Six (Endocrine System and Eye)

What is adren/o?

adrenal glands

What is adrenal/o?

adrenal glands

What is cortic/o?

cortex

What is endocrin/o?

endocrine

What is parathyroid/o?

parathyroid glands

What is pituitar/o?

pituitary glands

What is thyroid/o

thyroid gland

What is acr/o?

extremities, height

What is calc/i?

calcium

What is dips/o?

thrist

What is glyc/o?

sugar

What is kal/i?

potassium

What is natr/o?

sodium

What is eu-?

normal, good

What is pan-?

all, total

What is syn-?

together, joined

What is -drome?

run, running

What is -ectomy?

excision, surgical removal

What is -emia?

in the blood

What is -ia?

diseased state, condition of

What is -ism?

state of

What is acromegaly?

enlargement of the extremities

What is adrenalitis?

inflammation of the adrenal glands

What is the adrenomegaly?

enlargement of the adrenal glands

What is endocrinopathy?

disease of the endocrine

What is hypercalcemia?

excessive calcium in the blood

What is hyperglycemia?

excessive sugar in the blood

What is hyperkalemia?

excessive potassium in the blood

What is hyperparathyroidism?

state of excessive parathyroid gland

What is hyperpituitarism?

state of excessive secretion of thryoid hormones

WHat is hypocalcemia?

deficient calcium in the blood

What is hypoglycemia?

deficient sugar in the blood

What is hypokalemia?

deficient potassium in the blood

What is hyponatremia?

deficient sodium in the blood

What is hypopituitarism?

state of deficient pituitary gland

What is hypothryoidism?

state of deficient thyroid gland

What is panhypopituitarism

state of total deficient pituitary gland

What is parathryoidoma?

tumor of a parathyroid gland

What is thyroiditis?

inflammation of the thyroid gland

Addison Disease?

chronic syndrome resulting from a deficiency in hormonal secretion of the adrenal cortex

What is Cushing syndrome?

group of signs and symptoms attributed to the excessive prodution of cortisol by adrenal corticles

What is diabetes inspidus?

result of decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone

What is diabetes mellitus?

chronic disease involving a disorder of carbonhydrate metabolism charcterized by elevated blood sugar

What is gigantism?

condition brought about by hypersecretion of growth hormone by pituitary gland before puberty

What is Graves disease?

autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland

What is Hashimoto thyroiditis?

disease in which thyroid cells are destroyed by autoimmune processes

What is ketoacidiosis?

serious condition resulting from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

What is myxedema?

condition resulting from an extreme deficiency of thyroid hormone

WHat is neuroblastoma

maligant cancer that often start in the adrenal medulla

What is pheochromocytoma?

tumor of the adrenal medulla

What is adrenalectomy?

excision of adrenal glands

What is parathyroidectomy?

excision of parathyroid gland

What is thyroidectomy?

excision of the thyroid gland

What is Thyroid sonography?

ultrasound test of the thyroid gland used to help determine whether a thyroid nodule is likely benign 

What is fasting blood sugar?

blood test to dtermine the amount of glucose in the blood

What is fine needle aspiration?

biopsy technique that uses a narrow hollow needle to obstain tiny amount of tissue

What is glycosylated hemogoblin

blood tested used to diagnose diabetes ad monitor its treatment by measuring the amount of glucose

What is thyroid stimulating hormone level

blood test that measures the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone in the blood

What is thyroxine level?

blood test that gives the direct measurement of the amount of thyroxine in the patient blood

What is adrenocorticohyperplasia?

excessive development of adrenal cortex

What is euglycemia?

normal level sugar in the blood

What is euthyroid?

normal thyroid gland activity

What is glycemia?

sugar in the blood

polydipsia?

condition of much thirst

What is cortical?

pertaining to the cortex

What is expophthalmos?

abnormal protusion of the eyeball

What is goiter?

enlargement of the thyroid gland

What is Tetany?

condition of affecting nerves

What is incretins?

group of hormones produced by the gastrointestinal system

What is DI?

Diabetes inspidous

What is DKA?

Diabetic ketoacidosis

What is the eye?

organ of vision

What is eyelid?

folds of skin, soft tissue and a think layer of muscle located above and below the eye

What is the meibomian?

oil gland found in the upper and lower edges of the eyelid that helps lubricate the eye

What is the lacrimal apparatus?

network of glands, ducts, canals, and sacs that produce and drain tears

What is the conjunctiva?

mucous membrane lining the eyelid and covering the anterior portion of the sclera

What is the sclera?

outer protective layer of the eye

What is the cornea?

transparent anterior part of the sclera

What is uvea?

layer of tissue beneath teh sclera and cornea

What is the choroid?

middle layer of the eye, which is interlaced with many blood vessels

What is the iris?

pigmented musclar structure that regulates the amount of light entering the eye

WHat is the coliary body?

connects the choroid to the iris

What is the pupil?

opening in the center of the iris

What is the lens?

lies directly behind the pupil

What is the retina?

innermost layer of the eye

What is the macula?

small portion of the retina at the back of the eye

What is the optic nerve?

cranial nerve that carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain

What is the aqueous humor

watery liquid found in the naterior cavity of the eye

What is the vitreous humor?

jellylike substance found behind the lens in the posterior cavity of the eye

What is blephar/o?

eyelid

What is conjunctiv/o?

conjunctiva

What is the cor/o?

pupil

What is the corne/o?

cornea

What is dacry/o

tears

What is irid/o?

iris

WHat is ir/o?

iris

What is kerat/o?

cornea

What is lacrim/o?

tears

What is ocul/o?

eye

What is ophthalm/o?

eye