Country Profiles Test

Flashcards that review key concepts, facts, and events related to geography, political dynamics, cultural aspects, and economic conditions of various regions and countries.

What country has suffered numerous armed conflicts between Christians and Muslims as well as between rival ethnicities?

Nigeria

What is the capital of Brazil that was built to encourage development in the interior?

Brasilia

Which African country was a Belgian colony awarded at the Berlin Conference?

Democratic Republic of Congo (DROC)

Which three ethnic groups are mentioned in relation to Nigeria's conflicts?

Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba

What natural resource is the Democratic Republic of Congo rich in?

Natural resources such as minerals

What prevents the Democratic Republic of Congo from being landlocked?

Its proruption (geographic extension)

What major historical abuse occurred in the DROC during the Belgian colonial era?

Widespread abuse of the locals, especially in the rubber industry.

What is the average age of the population in many Sub-Saharan African countries?

Young

Which country in the Sahel region of West Africa is known for cultural diversity with hundreds of languages spoken?

Nigeria

Which organization is Nigeria a member of other than the UN?

OPEC and African Union

What is one of the main elements of South Africa’s colonial history under British rule?

Apartheid, a system of racial segregation.

What major political event in 2020 involved the UK leaving the EU?

Brexit.

Which language is the main language spoken in South Africa due to Dutch colonialism?

Afrikaans.

What multiethnic regions are allowed to govern themselves in the UK?

Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales.

What was the term given to the period of conflict in Northern Ireland?

The Troubles.

Which country has the largest population in the world as of 2023?

India.

What demographic pattern is significant in Japan, causing economic issues?

Low fertility rate.

What is the major pilgrimage site for Muslims located in Saudi Arabia?

Mecca.

Which political structure allows China to maintain control over local areas?

Unitary state.

What environmental issue is caused by China’s strict One Child Policy?

A rapidly aging population with a declining workforce.

What type of economic zones has China created to attract foreign investment?

Special Economic Zones.

What is the largest city in the world by population?

Tokyo.

Which country is known for the concept of 'lean production' originating from the Toyota Production System?

Japan.

What type of economy does the United States have the largest sector in?

Tertiary sector (services).

What is a major source of income for migrants from Mexico working in the U.S.?

Remittances.

Which country was originally part of the British Empire and now has significant populations of Indian descent?

South Africa.

Which agricultural revolution greatly increased India's grain production?

The Green Revolution.

Which river in India is considered the holiest site in Hinduism?

The Ganges River.

Which demographic transition stage is India currently entering?

Stage 3.

What constitutes a significant cultural factor in India due to British Colonization?

The use of English language.

Besides Nigeria, which African country is recognized for its substantial foreign investments in oil?

Angola.

What is FDI in the context of Mexico's economy?

Foreign Direct Investment.

What is the term for countries formed due to the division of India upon British withdrawal?

Partition.

What autonomous region in Spain has a distinct language and nationalism?

Catalonia.

Which region in the Pyrenees Mountains has seen violent conflict related to nationalism?

Basque region.

What agricultural issue does South Asia face due to climate?

Access to fresh water.

What major political and cultural conflict exists between India and Pakistan?

Kashmir conflict.

What economic organization was formed by major oil-producing countries including Saudi Arabia?

OPEC.

Which Southeast Asian country is known for having the largest number of Muslims?

Indonesia.

What country's demographic issue stems from a rapidly aging population?

Japan.

What is the primary language of Iran, which is not an Arabic language?

Farsi.

Which organization includes Canada as a member along with the United States and Mexico?

USMCA.

What is the capital of Indonesia that is in the process of being relocated?

Jakarta.

Which cultural practice often leads to tensions and conflicts in the context of Sunni and Shia Islam?

Religious division.

What is the main economic activity of Saudi Arabia, leading to substantial national wealth?

Oil production.

What economic stage is Brazil categorized in?

Developing country.

What demographic challenge does China face related to its aging populations?

Too few young people to replace retiring workers.

What type of urban pattern is characterized by London being significantly larger than any other UK city?

Primate city.

What geographic issue leads to significant internal migration within Brazil?

Rural to urban migration, often to favelas.

Which continent is Afghanistan located near, characterized by cultural and ethnic diversity?

Asia.

What signifies the economic relationship between Mexico and the U.S. as a result of trade agreements like NAFTA?

Cross-border manufacturing.

What event in the 1940s created two separate countries from India?

The partition of India.