chapter 10 test

Richard Nixon

Vice President under Eisenhower and 37th President of the United States

SALT I

Treaty signed in 1972 between the U.S. and the USSR. -limited the number of missiles in each nation

Roe v. Wade

legalized abortion

White House Plumbers

- special investigations committee established along with CREEP
- stopped the leaking of confidential information to the public and press

Mark Felt

"Deep Throat"- inside source on the watergate investigation to journalists

Jimmy Carter

39th U.S. President

1980 Moscow Olympics

US boycotted because of Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, leading other nations to follow

Earth Day

A day created in 1970 about celebrating and caring for the Earth

Tax Revolt

a movement to lower or eliminate taxes

Reaganomics

Reagan's economic policy- tax cuts, arms build up, budget cuts

Yuppies

young urban professionals
- materialists and people obsessed with their appearance

Star Wars

President Reagan's proposed weapons system to destroy Soviet missiles from space

Perestroika

an economic policy adopted in the USSR

Henry Kissinger

United States diplomat who served under President Nixon and President Ford
-main negotiator of peace treaty w North Vietnam

Stagflation

a period of slow economic growth and high unemployment (stagnation) while prices rise (inflation)/ A period of falling output and rising prices

1973 Energy Crisis

high prices and shortages of American energy resources like gas

CRP

the Committee for the Re-election of the President (or CREEP) associated with Richard Nixon's 1972 re-election campaign

Saturday Night Massacre

a series of resignations over the dismissal of special prosecutor Archibald Cox

Whip Inflation Now (WIN)

Ford program that would control inflation and dramatic price increases
- putting pressure on businesses to lower prices and deter consumers from hoarding goods

Camp David Accords

A peace treaty between Israel and Egypt where Egypt agreed to recognize the nation state of Israel

Mujahedeen

in Afghanistan, holy warriors who banded together to fight the Soviet-supported government in the late 1970s

EPA (Enviromental Protection Agency)

an independent federal agency established to coordinate programs aimed at reducing pollution and protecting the environment

Revolution of 1980

The Reagan era
- younger people where republican and more materalistic

Trickle Down Theory

decreased income taxes for the wealthy would promote business and therefore benefit the poor was not based on fact

Walter Mondale

He was the vice president of Carter
-first presidential candidate to have a woman vice president, Geraldine Ferraro

Challenger Disaster

-Space Shuttle Challenger broke apart 73 seconds into its flight, leading to the deaths of its seven crew members
-millions of students across the country witnessed it

Michael Dukakis

He was governor of Massachusetts and George Bush's demorcratic opponet in the election of 1988
-lost the nomination due to the tank ad

Detente

A policy of reducing Cold War tensions that was adopted by the United States during the presidency of Richard Nixon

Southern Strategy

Nixon's plan to persuade conservative southern white voters away from the Democratic party

OPEC

An organization of countries formed in 1961 to agree on a common policy for the production and sale of petroleum

CREEP

Richard Nixon's committee for re-electing the president
-involved in the infamous Watergate cover-up

NIxon Tapes

Recordings of Nixon's White House conversations which revealed he ordered a cover-up of Watergate break-in

misery index

the measure of unemployment and inflation every month

Panama Canal

Jimmy Carter gave Panama back the canal

Iran Hostage Crisis

a group of Iranians overran the American embassy in Iran's capital of Tehran and took 52 hostages

Three-Mile Island

Nuclear Power Plant in Harrisburg Pennsylvania which failed causing radiation to be admitted in the air

Ted Kennedy

challenged carter for the dem nomination

Nancy Reagan

First Lady behind the "Just Say No" anti-drug program

Geraldine Ferraro

1st Female Democratic Vice Presidential Candidate

Iran-Contra Affair

scandal including arms sales to the Middle East in order to send money to help the Contras in Nicaragua even though Congress had objected

George H.W Bush

41st President

Mao Zedong

Chinese communist leader

Silent Majority

Term used by President Nixon to describe Americans who opposed the counterculture
-the everyday american

Spiro Agnew

VP under Nixon, resigned for extortion and bribery charges
-ford took over

Carl Bernstein

Journalist for the Washington Post that helped uncover the Watergate scandal with Bob Woodward

Smoking Gun

evidence that Nixon had participated in the Watergate cover-up, which led to certain impeachment

Saturday Night Live

American late night TV skit show that provided political commentary through comedy

SALT II

Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
- agreement between USSR and US on not making new missles

Ayatollah Khomeini

Shiite religious leader of Iran
-ordered the invasion of the US Embassy

Nuclear Energy

Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom

Air Traffic Control

Reagan fired all Air Traffic Control people when they where on strike

"Just Say No" campaign

against illegal drug use
Led by Nancy Reagan

Sandra Day O'Connor

first female supreme court justicefirst female supreme court justice

Mikhail Gorbachev

Soviet leader of the 1980s who worked with Reagan to end the Cold War

Persian Gulf War

War in 1991 when the US came to Kuwait's rescue after Iraq invaded in 1990

Leonid Brezhnev

Soviet leader after Khrushchev

Warren Burger

the Supreme Court justice during the Nixon administration
-presided over the extremely controversial case of abortion in Roe vs. Wade

Gerald Ford

-pardoned nixon of all crimes
-took presidency after nixon
- was not elected into office

Bob Woodward

One of the two Washington post reporters who broke the Watergate Story

Presidential Pardon

Power of the executive branch to forgive a person of a crime and prevent the person from being re-tried

Chevy Chase

this comedian impersonated Ford SNL
presenting him as an idiot who would fall down stairs and injure himself and others

Invasion of Afghanistan

Soviet Union invades Afghanistan in 1979. U.S. aides Afghan rebels

National Malaise Speech

Jimmy Carter blamed the problems of the United States on a "moral and spiritual crisis" of the American people
- did not actually say malaise

The New Right

conservative movement of the 1980s
opposed abortion, the Equal Rights Amendment, and homosexuality

Supply-Side Economics

belief tax cuts can help an economy by raising supply

Sunbelt

states in the south and southwest that are conservative

Strategic Defense Initiative

known as "Star Wars"
anti-missile defense system capable of destroying enemy missiles in outer spaced

Glasnost

A policy of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev which called for more openness

Operation Desert Storm

1991 American led attack on Iraqi forces after Iraq refused to withdraw its troops from Kuwait

1968 election

Nixon v. Humphrey
-Nixon won

1972 election

Nixon v McGovern
-Nixon wins landslide

1976 election

Carter v Ford
- carter wins

1980 election

Reagan v. Carter
-reagan wins

1984 election

Reagan v. Mondale
reagan wins

1988 election

H. W Bush v. Dukakis
- Bush wins

1992 election

Bush v Clintion
-bush wins