Lab 6: Other Protozoans

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39 Terms

1

Ciliophora

Balantidium coli - Classification:

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2

Balantidium coli

Largest protozoan and only ciliate known to affect humans. Has the ability to attack large intestine causing dysentery

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3

Balantidiasis/ Balantidiosis/ Balantidial dysentery

Balantidium coli causes:

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4

Pigs and Swine

Balantidium coli: Primary reservoir

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5

binary fission

Balantidium coli: Asexual Reproduction -

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6

Conjugation

Balantidium coli: Sexual Reproduction -

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30 to 150 μm long and 25 to 120 μm wide

Balantidium coli: Trophozoite Stage - Size

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8

Rotary and Spherical

Balantidium coli: Trophozoite Stage - Motility

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9

Cilia

Balantidium coli: Trophozoite Stage - for locomotion

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10

Cystotome

Balantidium coli: Trophozoite Stage - Oral apparatus (Acquires food)

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11

Cytopyge

Balantidium coli: Trophozoite Stage - Waste excretion (Rounded posterior end)

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12

Macronucleus

Balantidium coli: Trophozoite Stage - Nucleus (vegetative and asexual reproduction)

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13

Micronucleus

Balantidium coli: Trophozoite Stage - Nucleus (sexual reproduction)

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14

Osmoregulatory organelles

Balantidium coli: Trophozoite Stage - Two contractile vacuoles

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15

40 to 60 μm in diameter

Balantidium coli: Cyst stage - Size

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16

Non-Motile

Balantidium coli: Cyst stage - Motility

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17

Thick cell wall

Balantidium coli: Cyst stage - Double cyst wall → Retracted cilia:

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18

Row of cilia is found between cell walls

Balantidium coli: Cyst stage - Young cyst

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19

No cilia

Balantidium coli: Cyst stage - Mature cyst

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20

Blastocystis hominis

Formerly classified as yeast. Inhabitant of lower intestinal tract.

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21

binary fission/ sporulation

Blastocystis hominis: Reproduction - Asexual

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22
  1. Vacuolated

  2. Multiple fission

  3. Granular from

  4. Ameba-like forms

  5. Avacuolar

  6. Cyst

Blastocystis hominis: May assume in these morphological forms:

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23

Ingestion of cyst from contaminated food or water, Fecal-oral route

Blastocystis hominis: Mode of Transmission

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24

Ingestion of food and/or water contaminated with Balantidium coli cyst.

Balantidium coli: Mode of Transmission

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Cyst stage

Balantidium coli: Infective stage

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26

4-5 days

Balantidium coli: Incubation period

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27

Several weeks

Balantidium coli: Cyst viability

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28

hydraluronidase

Balantidiasis/ Balantidial dysentery: Lytic enzyme ____________ ; produced by the trophozoite

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29

Rounded base with wide neck

Balantidiasis/ Balantidial dysentery: Ulcer -

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30

flask-shaped narrow necked

In contrast to the ___________ ulcers of amebiasis.

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31
  1. Direct examination

  2. Concentration techniques

  3. Sigmoidoscopy

Balantidium coli: Lab Diagnosis

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  1. Tetracycline

  2. Metronidazole

  3. Doxycycline

  4. Nitazoxanide

Balantidium coli: Treatment

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33

Blastocystosis

Can cause abdominal cramps, IBS, bloating, flatulence, mild to moderate diarrhea without fecal leukocytes or blood

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  1. Direct examination

  2. Concentration techniques

  3. Permanent slides (Hematoxylin Stain and Trichrome Stain)

  1. Culture (Boeck and Drbohlav’s media & Nelson and Jones media)

Blastocystis hominis: Lab DIagnosis

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35
  1. Metronidazole

  2. Iodoquinol

  3. TMP-SMX (Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)

Blastocystis hominis: Treatment

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36

WBC’s and Yeast Cells

Artifacts confused with B. hominis: _________ and _________

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37

External transmission

Blastocystis hominis: Cyst → Thick-walled

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38

Reinfraction

Blastocystis hominis: Cyst → Thin-walled

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39

Vacuolated

Blastocystis hominis: Morphological form → Most predominant form; causes diarrhea. Spherical. Large central vacuole: reproductive organelle pushes, the cytoplasm and nuclei (two to four) to the periphery

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