Law/Econ Cases

Hamdi v. Rumsfeld (2004)

An American citizen in jail because he allegedly joined the Taliban extremist group should have access to a "neutral decision maker"

Betts v. Brady (1942)

The Court refused to grant the right to an attorney to all indicted or accused individuals; they believed the courts must hear each non-capital situation and decide on a case-by-case basis.

Vernonia v. Acton (1995)

random drug testing for random athletes in the school is constitutional

Knowles v. Iowa (1998)

Police searches of vehicles on routine traffic stops are an "unreasonable search and seizure."

Wyoming v. Houghton (1999)

If police have probably clause to search an automobile they can search other belongings

Bond v. United States (2000)

The Fourth Amendment is violated when officials squeeze a carry-on bag in a bus overhead compartment and discover illicit drugs.

Dickerson v. United States (2000)

The Supreme Court ruled that Congress could not pass a law that would contradict a Supreme Court ruling, referenced Marbury v Madison

Indianapolis v. James (2001)

The Court invalidated the city's roadblock program because it was "indistinguishable from the general interest of crime control"

Kyllo v. United States (2001)

law enforcement officials cannot examine a home with a thermal-imaging device unless they obtain a warrant

Ferguson v. City of Charleston (2001)

Public hospital testing of pregnant women for cocaine use and reporting the results to police officials is an unconstitutional search

Board of Education v. Earls (2002)

public school mandatory drug testing of students in extracurricular activities is constitutional

Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial District Court of Nevada (2004)

requiring citizens to identify themselves to police does not violate their Fourth or Fifth Amendment rights if police have a "reasonable suspicion"

Groh v. Ramirez (2004)

An incorrectly written search warrant could result in any evidence obtained being excluded from trial.

Illinois v. Caballes (2004)

The Court ruled that using a drug-detection dog does not require a search warrant

Georgia v. Randolph (2006)

Police search without a warrant is unconstitutional if one occupant consents to a search and the other refuses to give consent.

Hudson v. Michigan (2006)

The Exclusionary Rule did not apply to evidence gathered "no knock" searches.

Boumediene v. Bush (2008)

The Military Commission Act of 2006 was an unconstitutional suspension

Sherman Antitrust Act of 1894

did not explicitly regulate mergers; focused on other anti-competitive behaviors

Clayton Antitrust Act (1914)

outlawed mergers by stock acquisition; loophole. allowed mergers by asset acquisition

Cellar-Kefauver Antitrust Act (1950)

regulated mergers by asset acquisition - closed loophole in Clayton Act.

Brown Shoe Antitrust Case (1962)

established incipiency precedent; bans mergers even in competitive markets

Philadelphia National Bank (Antitrust)(1964)

this case, along with Brown Shoe, made mergers per se illegal in the 1960s.

Staples (1997) - Antitrust

merger between 2 dominant firms in concentrated market not allowed

Powell v. Alabama (1932)

an attorney must be provided to a poor defendant facing the death penalty

Bartkus v. Illinois (1959)

Persons may be tried twice for the same crimes, once in federal court and once in state court.

Mapp v. Ohio (1961)

Established exclusionary rule; illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court

Robinson v. California (1962)

Incorporated the 8th Amendment's right to freedom from cruel and unusual punishment.

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

Overturned Betts v. Brady

Escobedo v. Illinois (1964)

Ruled that a defendant must be allowed access to a lawyer before questioning by police.

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

Right to remain silent

Terry v. Ohio (1968)

Police can search and seize if they have probable cause

Furman v. Georgia (1972)

State death penalties are cruel/unusual punishment, 8th/14th amendments

Gregg v. Georgia (1976)

Upheld new Georgia death penalty laws requiring dual-phase trial

Ingraham v. Wright (1977)

Corporal punishment, students can't be paddled without a hearing

Nix v. Williams (1984)

Supreme Court created the "inevitable discovery" rule

New Jersey v. TLO (1985)

a student may be searched if there is "reasonable ground" for doing so.

Chandler v. Miller (1997)

Drug test diminishes personal privacy

Greenlaw v. United States (2010)

Federal Appellate Courts could not increase a criminal defendant's sentence without a request from the government.

General Dynamics (1974) and Waste Management (1984) - Antitrust

did away with the incipiency precedent