Bones, Muscles, and Skin

tissue

A group of similar cells that perform the same function.

cell

smallest unit of life

organ

A body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues that work together.

organ system

A group of organs that work together to perform a major function in the body

connective tissue

A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts

muscle tissue

A body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts move.

nervous tissue

A body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body.

epithelial tissue

A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out

joint

A place where two or more bones meet

movable joint

a general type of joint that enables movement.

immovable joint

a general type of joint that allows little or no movement, like in the skull

homeostasis

process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment

stress

the reaction of the body and mind to everyday or threatening challenges and demands

ball and socket joint

joint that allows wide range of movement, like hip and shoulder joints

hinge joint

Joint between bones that lets them bend back and forth, like elbows and knees

pivot joint

rotating joint for swiveling motion, like the neck

gliding joint

a joint that allows one bone to slide over another, like wrist and ankle

ligament

connective tissue that attaches bone to bone

cartilage

A connective tissue that is more flexible than bone and that protects the ends of bones and keeps them from rubbing together

dislocation

when a bone comes out of its joint

sprain

An injury in which the ligaments holding bones together are stretched too far and tear

fracture

a broken bone

x-ray

a way to see if bones are broken, by using waves of energy that pass through soft tissue, but not bones

skeleton

The inner framework made of all the bones of the body

vertbrae

a flexible column of bones in the back

MRI

a way to show injuries to soft and hard tissues, by using magnetic fields and radio waves

arthritis

painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints

smooth muscle

involuntary muscle found in internal organs

cardiac muscle

involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.

skeletal muscle

voluntary muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and makes movement possible

epidermis

top layer of skin

dermis

inner layer of skin

involutary muscle

muscle that can't be consciously controlled

voluntary muscle

A muscle that is under conscious control

muscle contraction

when a muscle shortens

skin

largest organ of the body that provides protection, regulates temperature, eliminates wastes, gathers information, and produces vitamin D

melanin

a pigment in the epidermis that gives the skin its color

pore

an opening in the dermis for sweat to reach the surface of the skin.

follicle

structure in the dermis of the skin for hair to grow

keeping skin healthy

healthy diet, cleaning, limit sun exposure

major functions of the skeletal system

support, protection, movement, storage of minerals, blood cell production

compact bone

hard, dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone

spongy bone

layer of bone tissue that has many small spaces and is found just inside the layer of compact bone

bone marrow

a soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells and stores fat

osteoporosis

a condition in which the bones become fragile and break easily

cancer

a disease in which some body cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them

tendon

connective tissue that connects muscle to bone