Exercise 28: Glucose Tolerance Test

hypoglycemia

below normal blood glucose concentration

• hunger, trembling, feeling, nervousness, sweating, weakness, and trouble speaking

hyperglycemia

above normal blood glucose concentration

• diuresis, dry mouth, thirst, headache, and vomiting

which hormones are primarily responsible for the regulation of blood ?

insulin which is produced by the beta islet cells of the pancreas

• causes cells to take up glucose from the blood

glucagon which is produced by the alpha islet cells of the pancreas

• causes liver cells to release glucose from the blood

diabetes mellitus

inability of the pancreas to produce insulin or the failure of cells to respond to insulin

insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1)

inability to produce adequate amounts of insulin

insulin-independent diabetes (type 2)

initially produces adequate amounts of insulin, but their cells will not respond

what is the glucose molecule that is bound to an amino acid in the protein portion of the hemoglobin called?

glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb A1c)

A1c Test

can be used to indicate how well blood glucose levels have been controlled over the past 2-3 months.

Glucose Tolerance Test

measures the ability of an individual to deal with glucose

• blood and urine sample is taken to obtain a baseline value of glucose after a solution with glucose is taken.

glucosuria

glucose in the urine

polydipsea

excessive thirst