4.8 Introduction to Acid-Based Reactions Vocab

Contains info on Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases, Conjugate Acid-Base pairs, and Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases.

What is a common thing to experience with an Acid?

What is a common thing to experience with an Acid?

Sour Taste

What is a common thing to experience with a Base? (6 Points)

• Bitter Taste

• Feels Slippery

• Reacts with oils to form soap

• Blood

What is Arrhenius’ Rule about Acids and Bases:

• Acids dissociate in water to produce H ions.

• Bases dissociate in water to produce OH ions.

Exceptions for Arrhenius’ Rules:

• Only True for bases that contain Hydroxide ions

• Only true for reactions that take place in aqueous solutions.

What happens with Bronsted - Lowry’ Acids and Bases:

• Acids donate Protons

• Bases accept Protons

Conjugate Acid-base pairs are:

• An Acid turns into a Conjugate base

• A Base turns into a Conjugate Acid

Strong acid’s experience what in water?

100% ionization

What do weak acids to in water?

Partially ionize

What are the “Big Six” Strong Acids? (List them 1-6).

1. HClO4

2. HI

3. HBr

4. HCl

5. HNO3

6. H2SO4

Strong acids always have ____.

Very weak Conjugate bases.

Very weak acids always have _____.

Very strong Conjugate bases.

Acids with mid-range Strengths have ___.

Conjugate bases with mid-range strengths

As the strength of Acid increases, ___ strength decreases.

Base

As the strength of a Base increases, ___ strength decreases.

Acid

The ___ base always accepts the most Protons in an Acid/base reaction.

Stronger

What are the 2 bases?

1. The base on the reactant side of the equation

2. The Conjugate base on the products side of the equation.

Strong acids have ___ Conjugate bases.

Weak

Weak Acids have ___ Conjugate bases.

Strong