SPCE Final Flashcards

For any student to succeed, it is vital that the student is given appropriate _________________.

challenges

The ____________________ emphasized the importance of gifted and talented students in the United States and provided for a national research center focusing on gifted children.

Javits Act

Individuals who are gifted and talented but also suffer from a disability are often called

twice exceptional

The National Association for Gifted Children believes that _______ percent of the school-age population can be thought of as gifted.

6

Adapting a curriculum to the interests and needs of a particular student is known as

individualization

Originally, gifted students were identified solely on which of the following metrics?

intelligence quota

Many educators believe that the least restrictive environment for gifted and talented students is

a self-contained classroom or magnet school

Why might academic work not always be the most effective way to assess for academic giftedness?

Students who are not challenged may not produce quality work.

One part of the assessment process for gifted and talented children that is different from other exceptionalities is

the referral arises because of the students' strengths rather than weaknesses.

One of the biggest influences in a gifted and talented student's academic performance is

parents

What IQ score is needed for an individual to be considered “gifted”?

there is no set IQ score considered "gifted"

Understanding intelligence as the g factor, or general intelligence, is based on the belief that intelligence is

a unitary trait

The ceiling effect, when discussing testing children who are gifted and talented, refers to tests

being too easy to offer an accurate representation of students' skills

Who was responsible for the initial work on measuring intelligence?

Alfred Binet

Why might academic work not always be the most effective way to assess for academic giftedness?

Students who are not challenged may not produce quality work

One problem with the proficiency standards established by the No Child Left Behind Act, with regard to gifted and talented children, is

the established proficiency levels can be limiting to gifted and talented students.

The combining or grouping of students according to needs and abilities matched to their level of achievement is called

flexible grouping

Which of the following is not a step in the effective instruction of learners who are gifted and talented?

Giving accelerated students more assignments to keep them busy until the other students master the content

________proposed a three-ring model of giftedness.

Renzulli

All are characteristics of young talented children EXCEPT

hyperactive

All of the following disorders except _____ can be associated with hearing loss in children.

autism

What is currently viewed as the optimal age for cochlear implantation?

10-15 months

An interpreter uses communication processes such as the following when interpreting for a student:

Repetition, sign language, fingerspelling, body language, and verbal expression

For nearly 135years, the ______________ has been actively involved in obtaining the basic rights under the U.S. Constitution for deaf and hard of hearing individuals.

National Association for the Deaf (NAD)

National Association for the Deaf (NAD)

English literacy

Children who are deaf or hard of hearing typically have parents who

are hearing

This hearing assessment is often used with children who are difficult to test or unable to follow simple commands:

Play audiometry

American Sign Language:

Has a unique syntax system

According to data from the Gallaudet Research Institute (2008), approximately what percentage of all students in programs for the deaf are persons from culturally diverse groups?

48%

During the 2007-2008 school year, what percentage of students with hearing impairments was enrolled in regular classrooms?

52%

In what year was PL 89-36, which is legislation facilitating transition as a national priority for deaf/hard of hearing, enacted?

1968

The objective of the ____________ communication approach is to facilitate the development of spoken (oral) English.

Auditory-oral

According to the text, an individual's language and speech skills are developed and refined by all of the following except

pictures

Universal hearing screening for newborns is important because hearing loss

Is the most common congenital disorder in newborns

The primary role of an interpreter is to relay to the student

Anything that is said in class

Appropriate accommodations for students with a mild hearing loss may include

A and C

When a student uses hearing aids, the educator should

Check the hearing aids every day

The primary objective of an assessment of a deaf/hard of hearing student is to establish a profile of the individual's abilities. This assessment can typically be done by using

The Stanford Achievement Test (SAT)

Which classification of hearing loss would be caused by a disorder that is in the inner ear, or cochlea?

Sensorineural hearing loss

The sign system that is most commonly used in public schools is called

signing exact English

A prelingual diagnosis refers to a hearing difference that occurs

At birth or before the development of speech and language

Under ______________, colleges and universities are required to provide qualified sign language interpreters and other auxiliary aids needed to ensure effective communication opportunities for the deaf and hard of hearing student population.

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973

Some of the causes of hearing loss include the following factors:

all of the above

How is manual communication different from oral communication?

Manual uses the hands (e.g., sign language) and oral uses speech and so on.

Three small bones in the ear are required for effective hearing. Which of the following is not one of them?

saddle

A leading cause of mild to moderate conductive hearing loss in children is

Otitis media

The bilingual-bicultural approach to communication considers

American Sign Language to be the natural language of the Deaf culture

During the 2011-2012 school year, what percentage of deaf/hard of hearing students attended public schools?

90%

Which of the following is an example of a congenital cause for abnormal hearing that involves a narrowing or closure of the external ear canal?

Atresia

All of the following are cited in the text as types of cerebral palsy except

multiple

The goal of augmentative and alternative communication is to

To enable individuals to effectively communicate and engage in a variety of interactions

A 16-year-old student with traumatic brain injury is asked to count 20 pennies and tell the number of pennies on the table. After numerous attempts, she is unable to accurately count the pennies. This same student is asked to recall multiplication facts and is able to do so with no errors. Which of the following is the most accurate statement about this student?

She has splinter skills.

What is the most common pulmonary childhood disease?

asthma

An example of a teratogenic cause of physical or health disabilities is

Maternal drug abuse during pregnancy

Paralysis that affects all four limbs is called

Quadriplegia

A ____________ identifies goals and objectives specific to meeting a student's needs after high school.

Transition plan

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is categorized as a(n)

Musculoskeletal disorder

Most students with multiple disabilities are educated in a

separate classroom

Most traumatic brain injuries occur in which age group?

15- to 24-year-olds

All of the following are examples of representative nonlinguistic communication systems for the deaf-blind EXCEPT

speech recognition software

Which category would not fall under physical disabilities, health disabilities, and related low-incidence disabilities?

intellectual disability

An individual who works in a regular work setting but receives training and continued support is involved in ____________.

supported employment

When is spinal bifida most likely to occur?

first trimester of pregnancy

A type of cerebral palsy that is characterized by poor balance and equilibrium in addition     to uncoordinated voluntary movement.

ataxic cerebral palsy

What limbs are adversely affected with diplegia?

All four limbs but the legs are more affected than the arms

What should you not do when a student in your class has a tonic-clonic seizure?

Turn the student on his or her stomach

During the perinatal period, the most common cause of brain injury is

asphyxia

Which of the following examples of assistive technology (AT) represent low-tech AT?

spoon with built-up handle

Under the federal definition, when would a student be identified as having multiple disabilities?

When a student has two or more disabilities whose combined effects cannot be accommodated in a program for one of the disabilities

Students with an emotional and behavioral disorder frequently encounter

isolation

Statistically derived classification systems are developed using ___________ techniques to analyze dimensions of behavior that characterize students with emotional and behavioral disorders.

statistical

What factors may influence the development of an emotional or behavioral disorder?

all fo the above

A first grader, acting out sexually, would be an example of which of the four dimensions of behavior?

Age appropriateness

What is the percentage of students receiving special education services, under the category of emotional or behavioral disorders, compared with the total number of students receiving special education services?

6.4%

___________________ is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among children and youth

conduct disorder

Academic curriculum for students with emotional or behavioral disorders is _______________ the curriculum that students without disabilities are provided.

the same as

_________________ of students with emotional and behavioral disorders has been attributed to the marked variability across states in identifying pupils.

underidentification

Students with emotional or behavior disorders commonly experience all of the following except

spelling

Graphic organizers, content diagrams, semantic maps, advance organizers, guided notes, and study guides are considered

Content enhancements

Individuals whose social behaviors are atypical and who are often regarded as chronic social offenders are said to be _____.

Socially maladjusted

The forerunner of the Council of Exceptional Children (CEC) was first organized at

Columbia University

One of your students has been through the referral process and did not qualify for special education services under IDEA. You are still concerned that the child may need extra help to succeed in school. What should you do?

See that the student receives services under Section 504

Which is the term used to describe the process that focuses on determining the purpose or function that a particular behavior serves?

Functional behavior assessment

The term comorbidity is used to describe

An overlap of multiple conditions

In regard to individuals with ADHD, postsecondary institutions

Are required to offer services if made aware that a student has been identified with the disorder

Because IDEA does not define ADHD, from what source does the text cite as the working definition of ADHD?

American Psychiatric Association

The prefrontal and frontal lobes of the brain are responsible for _________________.

Executive functions

When working with a student with ADHD, encouragement and reassurance by the teacher can serve to

all of the above

Which is not a side effect typically associated with psychostimulant medication?

Hallucinations

Orientation and mobility training is required to

teach independent travel

Prior to age 3, services for children with visual impairments are provided according to the

IFSP

An appropriate learning medium for students with visual impairments is determined by

The student's type or degree of impairment

Braille symbols consist of _______ possible dots arranged in two columns.

6

Braille was first developed as a means to

Write social communications to peers

What percentage of school-age children in the United States experience vision impairment significant enough to require specialized support in their educational program?

2.4%

For individuals with visual impairments, vocational training should begin

In preschool

Which visual acuity is considered to be legally blind?

20/200 or less in the better eye with correction

It is estimated that _____% of school-age children in the United States experience a vision loss significant enough to require specialized support.

2.4

Which is considered a difference between individuals labeled as being functionally blind and blind?

The use of low vision to gain information from the environment

A student's field loss is related to the