CUSH 5 Review Guide
Brinkley Chapter 5
The American Revolution – Gordon S. Wood selected chapters
Review Guide
American and British advantages in the Revolution
American:
Fighting on their own land
Committed to the war
Substantial aid from abroad
British:
Best-equipped Navy and Army
Access to resources
Coherent structure and command
Bunker Hill - American underdogs, proving that they can handle fighting the British army, British suffered heavy casualitites
Benedict Arnold - The infamous traitor, didn’t believe that the Americans would win so he went to the British side, he helped capture fort Ticonderoga before betraying the Americans
Washington’s nine-day wonder (Trenton and Princeton) - not supposed to go to war in winter but Washington did anyway, Victories in New Jersey (Trenton and Princeton)
Loyalists and the Revolution - ⅕ to ⅓ of the country, 100,000 fled, not much change to the country afterwords, Loyalists (loyal to the king) fought for the Brits
Slavery and the Revolution - The British allowed the slaves to leave, not for emancipation, but in hopes to disrupt the American War effort. Happened a lot in South Carolina, British pushed some slaves to revolt
Ironies of the Revolution - Americans were fighting for their own freedom and to preserve slavery
Native Americans and the Revolution - Many remained neutral, some went to the British side because they favored them, they knew this war could replace a ruling group. “Get on the good side”
Women and the Revolution - followed camp followers, respect as mothers sewing, cooking, cleaning etc.
“Molly Pitcher” - Was bringing water to the American soldiers and took her husband’s place at a cannon after he was unable to fight
“Remember the Ladies” - Abigail Adams writing to her husband John
Judith Sargent Murray - Women and men are equal especially intellecutually
Articles of Confederation - The original laws for the American states
Northwest Ordinance of 1787 - Gave more land to the mississippi river, map
Three phases of the War
New England
The Mid-Atlantic region
The South
William Howe - british commander, replaced Gage
Richard Howe - british naval officer
Gen Burgoyne - British general coming down the upper Hudson Valley
Guerilla fighting - Fighting style introduced with small surprise attacks, not traditional battle lines
Nathaniel Green - one of the most respected American generals
Baron von Steuben - gay, taught the people at valley forge how to use hygene and baoinettes
Significance of Saratoga - a turning point in the war because the British surrender and France ally
Cowpens - small American army comes forward and the British shoot at them not knowing the rest of the army is around the corner (Sneak attack)
Yorktown - washington and rochambeau
Cornwallis - surrendered, world turning upside down
Treaty of Paris - Made by Paris and France, instituted freedom of the American people
Washington at Newburgh -
America under the Articles of Confederation -
State Constitutions especially Massachusetts’s following the Revolution
Shay’s Rebellion - farmer who rebelled against government for taxes
Constitutional Convention - writing the constitution and talking of making a central bill of rights, each state could already have their own
Who attended / who did not
Nonattendees (5)
Sam Adams
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
Richard Lee
Patrick Henry
Attendees (5)
Governor Borris
James Wilson
James Madison
Madison’s Virginia Plan - Radical, man with a plan, short king
James Patterson’s New Jersey Plan - supported by small states, amended the articles of confederation by adding to the powers of congress but also maintained basic sovereignty of the states
The Connecticut Compromise- an agreement reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that provided for a bicameral legislature, with representation in the House of Representatives
Enumerated powers - Basically the rights of congress
Powers to tax
Borrow/coin money
Regulate commerce
Federalism - Unusual division between legislative power (Wood 161)
3/5 compromise - of the slave population would be accounted for in taxation and representation in the house of represnentaives
Electoral college - representatives from each state
Supreme authority of the Constitution -
Federalist - Those who supported the new constitution,
Anti-Federalist - Those who opposed the new constitution, bill of rights, small states that think all of their rights and powers will be taken away
Constitution be approved
Bill of Rights - An additional document that went with the constitution to protect the individual rights of civilians
Most significant consequence of the American Revolution (According to Wood) - A Rambunctious middling democracy
We vote some people but others are elected
Brinkley Chapter 5
The American Revolution – Gordon S. Wood selected chapters
Review Guide
American and British advantages in the Revolution
American:
Fighting on their own land
Committed to the war
Substantial aid from abroad
British:
Best-equipped Navy and Army
Access to resources
Coherent structure and command
Bunker Hill - American underdogs, proving that they can handle fighting the British army, British suffered heavy casualitites
Benedict Arnold - The infamous traitor, didn’t believe that the Americans would win so he went to the British side, he helped capture fort Ticonderoga before betraying the Americans
Washington’s nine-day wonder (Trenton and Princeton) - not supposed to go to war in winter but Washington did anyway, Victories in New Jersey (Trenton and Princeton)
Loyalists and the Revolution - ⅕ to ⅓ of the country, 100,000 fled, not much change to the country afterwords, Loyalists (loyal to the king) fought for the Brits
Slavery and the Revolution - The British allowed the slaves to leave, not for emancipation, but in hopes to disrupt the American War effort. Happened a lot in South Carolina, British pushed some slaves to revolt
Ironies of the Revolution - Americans were fighting for their own freedom and to preserve slavery
Native Americans and the Revolution - Many remained neutral, some went to the British side because they favored them, they knew this war could replace a ruling group. “Get on the good side”
Women and the Revolution - followed camp followers, respect as mothers sewing, cooking, cleaning etc.
“Molly Pitcher” - Was bringing water to the American soldiers and took her husband’s place at a cannon after he was unable to fight
“Remember the Ladies” - Abigail Adams writing to her husband John
Judith Sargent Murray - Women and men are equal especially intellecutually
Articles of Confederation - The original laws for the American states
Northwest Ordinance of 1787 - Gave more land to the mississippi river, map
Three phases of the War
New England
The Mid-Atlantic region
The South
William Howe - british commander, replaced Gage
Richard Howe - british naval officer
Gen Burgoyne - British general coming down the upper Hudson Valley
Guerilla fighting - Fighting style introduced with small surprise attacks, not traditional battle lines
Nathaniel Green - one of the most respected American generals
Baron von Steuben - gay, taught the people at valley forge how to use hygene and baoinettes
Significance of Saratoga - a turning point in the war because the British surrender and France ally
Cowpens - small American army comes forward and the British shoot at them not knowing the rest of the army is around the corner (Sneak attack)
Yorktown - washington and rochambeau
Cornwallis - surrendered, world turning upside down
Treaty of Paris - Made by Paris and France, instituted freedom of the American people
Washington at Newburgh -
America under the Articles of Confederation -
State Constitutions especially Massachusetts’s following the Revolution
Shay’s Rebellion - farmer who rebelled against government for taxes
Constitutional Convention - writing the constitution and talking of making a central bill of rights, each state could already have their own
Who attended / who did not
Nonattendees (5)
Sam Adams
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
Richard Lee
Patrick Henry
Attendees (5)
Governor Borris
James Wilson
James Madison
Madison’s Virginia Plan - Radical, man with a plan, short king
James Patterson’s New Jersey Plan - supported by small states, amended the articles of confederation by adding to the powers of congress but also maintained basic sovereignty of the states
The Connecticut Compromise- an agreement reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that provided for a bicameral legislature, with representation in the House of Representatives
Enumerated powers - Basically the rights of congress
Powers to tax
Borrow/coin money
Regulate commerce
Federalism - Unusual division between legislative power (Wood 161)
3/5 compromise - of the slave population would be accounted for in taxation and representation in the house of represnentaives
Electoral college - representatives from each state
Supreme authority of the Constitution -
Federalist - Those who supported the new constitution,
Anti-Federalist - Those who opposed the new constitution, bill of rights, small states that think all of their rights and powers will be taken away
Constitution be approved
Bill of Rights - An additional document that went with the constitution to protect the individual rights of civilians
Most significant consequence of the American Revolution (According to Wood) - A Rambunctious middling democracy
We vote some people but others are elected
