2 HISTORY Martin Luther

What was Martin Luther's role in the Reformation?

He started the Reformation, challenging the Catholic Church's practices.

When was Martin Luther born?

1483

Where was Martin Luther born?

Saxony, Germany, part of the Holy Roman Empire.

What profession did Martin Luther initially pursue before becoming a monk?

He studied law.

What theological concept did Luther advocate?

Justification by faith alone, meaning only faith in God can lead to salvation.

What did Luther believe about good works and salvation?

He found no biblical basis for the necessity of good works for salvation.

What event in 1517 sparked Luther's protest against the Church?

The sale of indulgences by John Tetzel.

What were the 95 Theses?

A document written by Luther criticizing the sale of indulgences and Church practices.

What was the purpose of the 95 Theses?

To encourage debate among scholars at the university.

How did the printing press contribute to Luther's ideas?

It helped spread the 95 Theses across Germany, amplifying his critique of the Church.

What was Pope Leo X's initial response to Luther's actions?

He did not consider Luther to be a significant problem.

What was the Diet of Worms?

A meeting called by Charles V where Luther defended his beliefs and refused to recant.

What was the outcome of the Diet of Worms for Luther?

He was declared an outlaw by the Edict of Worms.

What did Luther do while in hiding at Wartburg Castle?

He translated the Bible into German.

What was Luther's view on the authority of the Bible?

He believed the Bible is the only source of guidance for Christians.

What sacraments did Luther recognize from the Bible?

Baptism and communion.

What is transubstantiation, and how did Luther differ in his belief?

Transubstantiation is the belief that bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ; Luther believed in consubstantiation, where they coexist.

Who did Luther marry, and how many children did they have?

He married Kathrine von Bora and they had six children.

What was one of the key consequences of Luther's beliefs for Europe?

His beliefs spread rapidly, leading to significant religious and social changes.