BIO 1511 - CH 12 MindTap/Self Assessment

Sexually reproducing populations are more resilient against the effects of harmful mutations.

Which of the following is an advantage of sexually reproducing populations over asexually reproducing populations?

An immature reproductive cell that gives rise to haploid gametes when it divides

Which of the following defines a germ cell?

haploid, 2n

Gametes are _____ cells that have a single set of chromosomes. The number of chromosomes in diploid zygotes is represented as _____.

Homologous chromosome pairs are aligned midway between spindle poles.

Which of the following occurs during metaphase I?

Telophase I

Which stage of meiosis I is characterized by the formation of two haploid nuclei?

Prophase II

Which of the following stages of meiosis II involves the attachment of spindle microtubules to each sister chromatid?

The chromosomes align midway between spindle poles.

Which of the following occurs during metaphase II?

Anaphase II

Which of the following stages of meiosis II involves separation and movement of the sister chromatids toward the spindle poles?

meiosis II, 4 haploid nuclei

In both mitosis and ______, a spindle forms and separates sister chromatids. While mitosis produces two nuclei, meiosis II produces ______.

The introduction of novel combinations of alleles in offspring

Which of the following is an outcome of crossing over?

Asexual reproduction does not require a partner

Which of the following is an advantage of asexual reproduction over sexual reproduction?

meiosis, haploid gametes

In sexual reproduction, _____ produces genetically diverse ______.

Anaphase I

In which stage of meiosis is the chromosome number halved?

Prophase I

During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

A male gamete and a female gamete, zygote

During human fertilization, ______ fuse to produce a _______.

more variation among offspring

One evolutionary advantage of sexual over asexual reproduction may be that it produces

alleles

Alternative forms of the same gene are called .

reduces the chromosome number

Meiosis is a necessary part of sexual reproduction because it

gives rise to genetic diversity among offspring

Meiosis

Meiosis, fertilization, gametes

Sexual reproduction in animals requires

39

Dogs have a diploid chromosome number of 78. How many chromosomes do their gametes have?

anaphase I

Sister chromatids are attached

alleles

Crossing over mixes up

prophase I

Crossing over happens during which phase of meiosis?

Crossing over, chromosome segregation, fertilization

_____ contributes to variation in traits among the offspring of sexual reproducers.

Homologous chromosomes separate only in meiosis.

Which of the following is one of the very important differences between mitosis and meiosis?

none between meiosis I and meiosis II

interphase

chromosome lineup

metaphase I

different forms of a gene

alleles

form at fertilization

zygotes

haploid

gametes

useful for varied offspring

males

homologous chromosomes pair

prophase I