1st Semester Dates Quiz

1453

The printing press is being developed, and the famous city of Constantinople falls to the Ottoman Empire.

1492

Columbus lands in the New World, and Spain completes the Reconquista and kicks out the Jews and Moors

1513

Machiavelli wrote The Prince (compare to Christian Humanist Erasmus and secular Castiglione)

1517

Martin Luther posts the 95 Theses in Wittenberg Germany

1534

King Henry VIII passes the Act of Supremacy; Jesuits created

(Formal creation of the Anglican Church)

1545

Council of Trent begins; John Calvin preaches in Geneva

1555

HRE Charles V Habsburg agrees to the Peace of Augsburg

1588

Elizabeth I Tudor (politique) defeats Philip II of Spain's (Habsburg) Spanish Armada

Politique = Machiavellianism (basically) 

1598

Henry IV Bourbon (politique) issues the Edict of Nantes; (Louis XIV revokes in 1685)

Thus ending the religious wars in France.

1627

Cardinal Richelieu sieges La Rochelle, Dutch Golden Age; Baroque art flourishes

1633

Inquisition puts Galileo on trial in Rome; Descartes' math + Bacon's empiricism = Scientific Method

1648

Treaty of Westphalia ends the 30 Years' War & solidifies the Elbe-Trieste Line, military revolution; Fronde revolts threaten young Louis XIV

1651

Oliver Cromwell's Roundheads in Parliament win the English Civil War, Mercantilist English Navigation Acts, Hobbes' Leviathan

1689

English Bill of Rights follows the Glorious Revolution ('88)→Constitutional Monarchy, John Locke's Second Treatise on Civil Government

1713

Pragmatic Sanction in Austria; Peace of Utrecht ends War of Spanish Succession, as Peter I Romanov moves his capital to St. Petersburg, as Louis XIV is dying; the Age of Enlightenment begins

1756

Diplomatic Rev. leads to 7 Years' War; Agricultural Rev.; population & illegitimacy explosion ~begin

1776

Classical Liberal Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations, Declaration of Independence begins American Revolution, Watt steam engine

1789

French Revolution begins ('91 Const. Monarchy, '92 Republic, '93 Robespiere's Reign of Terror)

1795

Final partition of Poland by Absolute Monarchs who embraced Enlightenment Ideals. (Austrian Habsburgs, Prussian Hohenzollerns, Russian Romanovs)

1799

Napoleon comes to power in France

1815

Congress of Vienna exiles Napoleon, English Enclosure completes rural proletarization, Dual Rev. merge, Age of Metternich begins the Concert of Europe