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The single most powerful European political ideology proved to be ________
Nationalism
Nineteenth-century liberals derived their political ideas from the _______
Writers of the Enlightenment
Although their provisions were limited in scope, which three German states granted constitutions after 1815?
Baden, Bavaria, and Wurttemberg
Louis XVIII agreed to become a(n) _______
Constitutional monarch
The Charter provided for a(n) _______
Hereditary monarchy and a bicameral legislature
The major powers at the Congress of Vienna included ________
Russia, Austria, Prussia, and Great Britain
Who was placed on the Spanish throne after Napoleon's downfall and, although he promised to govern according to a written constitution, ignored his pledge?
Ferdinand VII
The Treaty of London, signed in 1827, demanded _________
Turkish recognition of Greek independence
In 1804, the French colony of ______ achieved independence
Haiti
By 1830, ______ had achieved independence
Most of Latin America
Who is most associated with Venezuelan independence?
Simon Bolivar
The _____ Society was moderate and favored constitutional monarchy and the abolition of serfdom, but wanted to protect the interests of the aristocracy
Northern
Who succeeded Tsar Alexander I, who died in November 1825?
Nicholas
The Russian tsar was king of ______ and frequently infringed on the constitution and quarreled with its diet
Poland
_____ lowered interest rates on government bonds to indemnify aristocrats who had lost lands in the French Revolution
Charles X
Britain saw a(n) __________ opportunity in the weakness of Spain after the Spanish Revolution
Economic
In 1821, the Ottomans faced a revolt of the ________
Greeks
Jose de San Martin led the independence movement in what is today _______
Argentina
Most of the revolutionary movements were led by ________
Creole elites
A peaceful rebellion against colonial powers occurred in ________
Brazil
The Decembrist Revolt began with a revolt among _________
Officers
Primogeniture in France was restored by __________
Charles X
The first congress under the Congress System met in _______
Aix-la-Chapelle
The Corn Law maintained high prices on grain by levying import duties on foreign grain in _________
Britain
What typeof person joined the Burschenschaften?
Students
As a political outlook, nationalism was and is based on the relatively modern concept that a nation is composed of people who are joined together by ________
Common languages, culture, and history
Early nineteeth-century nationalism directly opposed the principle upheld at the Congress of Vienna that _________
Legitimate monarchies or dynasties, rather than ethnicity, provide the basis for political unity
A significant difficulty for nationalism was, and is, _________
Determining which ethnic groups could be considered nations
Which of the following correctly identifies the major pillars of nineteenth-century conservatism?
Legitimate monarchies, landed aristocracies, and established churches
What reaction did the German government have to the Burschenschaften?
The Burschenschaften made the government uneasy
What did the Carlsbad Decree do?
It dissolved the Burschenschaften
The Six Acts attempted to _______
Curb political dissent
The Concert of Europe refers to the _______
New informal arrangement for resolving mutual foreign policy issues
Under the Congress System, France was ________
Readmitted to the Congress in good standing
What did the Protocol of Troppau require of European governments?
They agreed to intervene to restore order in countries threatened by revolution
What event sparked movements for independence from European domination throughout Latin America?
The wars on the French Revolution, particularly those of Napoleon
Tsar Alexander I turned away from reform, and both at home and abroad took the lead in suppressing _________
Liberalism and nationalism
The Four Ordinances were an example of ______
Conservative reaction
Haiti's revolution was ______ the general course of independence movements in Latin America
Unusual in
The faith in free and unregulated trade between European nations was most closely aligned with ________
Nineteenth-century liberals
What was the outcome of the Mexican independence movement for the royalist Augustin de Iturbide?
He was declared emperor by conservative Mexicans
The first call for rebellion in New Spain came from a(n) ______
Priest and his Indian followers
What event led to the exile of Charles X in France?
The July Revolution
The slogan "Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationalism" was associated with _______
Official Nationality
Prince Klemens von Metternich is remembered as a(n) ______
Conservative statesman
What was the relationship between Russia and Serbia after the mid-1820s?
Russia became the protector of Serbia
What did Louis XVIII hope to achieve in his constitution called the Charter?
He hoped to reconcile with the aristocracy and the church
Why did the Habsburg Empire resist nationalism?
Nationalism would seriously weaken the ethnically diverse Habsburg Empire
What treaty temporarily solved the "Eastern Question" for European nations?
The Treaty of London
Creole leadership in Latin American revolutions was prompted primarily by their desire to ________
Compete with peninsulares
Which of these best parallels the relationship between England and Ireland in the 1800s?
Russia and Poland
Nineteenth-century liberals would mostly likely to be associated with which of these?
Written constitutions
A major impediment to an alliance between liberals and workers was the liberal policy of ______
A free market
Which generalization is most accurate regarding the progress of reform in Prussia under Frederick William III?
The reform movement was defeated completely under the conservative policies of Frederick William III
Which of the following events illustrated to Russian soldiers how backward and politically stifled their own nation remained?
The Russian occupation of France
