1.1 Elements: The "building blocks" of all materials

A vertical column in the periodic table that contains elements with similar chemical properties

1. Alkali Metals (Group 1)

2. Noble Gases (Group 18)

3. Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2)

4. Halogens (Group 17)

What is the Group of a Periodic Table? What are some examples of groups?

horizontal row in the periodic table where elements have the same number of electron shells

Period

Elements found in the centre of the periodic table (groups 3–12) that are typically hard, dense, and good conductors

Transition Metals

highly reactive metals in Group 1 such as sodium (Na) and potassium (K)

Alkali Metals

Inert, nonreactive gases in Group 18

ex. helium and neon

Noble Gases + examples

A series of radioactive elements from actinium to lawrencium, found in the f-block of the periodic table

Actinoids

reactive metals in Group 2

ex. calcium and magnesium

Alkaline-Earth Metals + examples

a series of elements from lanthanum to lutetium, known for forming bright-coloured compounds

Lanthanoids

very reactive nonmetals in Group 17

such as fluorine and chlorine

Halogens + examples

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element

Atomic Number

The weighted average mass of an element’s isotopes, measured in atomic mass units (amu)

Atomic Mass