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Rate of Reaction
The speed at which reactants are consumed or products are formed over time.
Units of Rate of Reaction
Measurements can be in grams, cm^3, or moles per second (g/s, cm^3/s, mol/s).
Catalysts
Substances that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.
Collision Theory
States that chemical reactions occur when particles collide with sufficient energy.
Activation Energy
The minimum energy required for particles to react.
Reversible Reactions
Reactions where products can react to form original reactants.
Equilibrium
When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal in a closed system.
Le Chatelier’s Principle
States that a system at equilibrium will respond to counteract changes in conditions.
Effect of Temperature on Equilibrium
Increasing temperature favors the endothermic reaction, while decreasing temperature favors the exothermic reaction.
Effect of Pressure on Equilibrium
Increasing pressure favors the side with fewer gas moles, while decreasing pressure favors the side with more gas moles.
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