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Q: What are the two types of network cables?
Copper and Fiber
Q: What type of copper wiring is most commonly used in networking?
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Q: Why are UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) wires twisted?
To cancel out most forms of electromagnetic interference
Q: What is the maximum distance UTP can run?
Up to 100 meters
Q: What is grounding in electrical systems?
A method to safely remove extra or unwanted electricity by directing it into the ground.
Q: What does Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cable contain that UTP does not?
Foil around the wires to block out electrical interference.
Q: In what applications is STP cable typically used?
Video transmissions and areas with a large amount of interference.
Q: What is a coaxial cable, and what does it consist of?
A form of copper wiring consisting of a central conductor with a braid wrapped around it for shielding.
Q: What is the maximum run length of coaxial wiring?
500 meters
Q: In which systems are coaxial cables commonly used?
Older analog cameras, satellite systems, antennas, and cable modems.
Q: What type of cable uses light to transmit data?
Fiber optic cables
Q: What are the two forms of fiber optic cables?
Single mode and Multimode
Q: How far can single-mode fiber run?
Upwards of 200 km
Q: How does light travel in multimode fiber?
The light bounces up and down inside the cable.
Q: What is the key difference between Cat 5 and Cat 5e cables?
Cat 5e is the current Ethernet standard with the same specifications as Cat 5 but with reduced interference.
Q: What is the maximum speed and length for Cat 6 cables?
1000 Mbits and 100 meters
Q: What is a significant upgrade in Cat 6a compared to Cat 6?
Cat 6a supports speeds up to 10 Gbits.
Q: What is the purpose of a patch panel in networking?
To reduce clutter by keeping network cables neat and organized.
Q: What is a 66 Block used for?
A patch panel for analog voice communication/telecommunication.
Q: What is the difference between 568A and 568B wiring standards?
The position of the orange and green wires is swapped.
Q: What type of connector is used for Ethernet connections with UTP or STP cables?
RJ-45
Q: What is the purpose of an SFP (Small Form Factor Pluggable) port?
To allow different types of SFP modules to connect devices using various cable types.
Q: What does CWDM stand for, and how does it work?
Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing; it uses distinct wavelengths (like different colors) to keep signals separate.
Q: What is the advantage of DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) over CWDM?
DWDM packs more signals into the same fiber but requires more precision to avoid mixing signals.
Q: What is Bidirectional Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)?
A technology that allows signals to be sent in both directions on a single fiber optic strand by using different wavelengths.
Q: What type of connector is used for Ethernet connections with UTP or STP cables?
RJ-45
Q: How many pins does an RJ-45 connector contain?
8 pins
Q: What is a Local Connector (LC)?
A type of fiber optic connector commonly used in network equipment, especially in Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) modules.
Q: Where is a Straight Tip (ST) connector commonly used?
Telecommunications companies for fiber distribution.
Q: What is a Subscriber Connector (SC)?
Subscriber's Connector = Subscriber’s Choice implies it’s a popular, widely used connector in network setups
A type of fiber optic connector widely used in network equipment, fiber optic patch panels, and fiber optic patch cords.
Q: What is an SFP (Small Form Factor Pluggable) transceiver?
An interchangeable module that plugs into SFP ports on networking devices like switches and routers, used for different types of connections such as Ethernet or fiber optic.
Q: What is the maximum speed of an SFP transceiver?
1 Gbit/s
Q: What does SFP+ support?
SFP+ supports both fiber and copper connectors with maximum speeds of up to 10 Gbit/s.
Q: What is the maximum speed of a QSFP+ (Quad Small Form-Factor Pluggable) transceiver?
40 Gbit/s
Q: What is a Patch Panel?
A device used as a common termination point for Ethernet cables, helping to keep network cables neat and organized.
Q: What is the purpose of a Fiber Distribution Panel?
To manage and organize fiber optic cables in a network, providing a termination point for fiber cables.
Q: What is a 66 Block used for?
A patch panel for analog voice communication/telecommunication, generally replaced by 110 blocks.
Q: What cables are used in 110 Block patch panels?
*Hint* The cables are modern
Category 5 and Category 6 cables.
Q: What is a 110 Block?
A newer patch panel for analog voice communication and digital communication, replacing the 66 block.
Q: What is the difference between CWDM and DWDM?
CWDM uses spaced-out wavelengths for easier signal separation but supports fewer signals. DWDM uses closely spaced wavelengths to fit more signals on the same fiber but requires greater precision to avoid interference.
Q: What is Bidirectional Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)?
A technique that allows signals to be sent in both directions on a single fiber optic strand by using different wavelengths for each direction to prevent interference.
Q: What is 10BASE-T?
An Ethernet standard that supports 10 Mbps speed over twisted-pair copper cables with a maximum distance of 100 meters.
Q: What is 100BASE-TX?
An Ethernet standard that supports 100 Mbps speed over twisted-pair copper cables with a maximum distance of 100 meters.
Q: What is 1000BASE-T?
An Ethernet standard that supports 1 Gbps speed over twisted-pair copper cables with a maximum distance of 100 meters.
Q: What is 10GBASE-T?
An Ethernet standard that supports 10 Gbps speed over twisted-pair copper cables with a maximum distance of 100 meters.
Q: What is 40GBASE-T?
An Ethernet standard that supports 40 Gbps speed over twisted-pair copper cables, typically used for shorter distances.
Q: What is 100BASE-FX?
*Hint* Fiber Xpress at 100 Mbps , and it stretches far
An Ethernet standard that supports 100 Mbps speed over multimode fiber optic cables with a maximum distance of 2 kilometers.
Q: What is 100BASE-SX?
An Ethernet standard that supports 100 Mbps speed over short-wavelength multimode fiber optic cables, typically for shorter distances.
Q: What is 1000BASE-SX ?
SX- Speed-Xpress Way = Fast Speeds - Express Way = not far
An Ethernet standard that supports 1 Gbps speed over multimode fiber optic cables with a maximum distance of 550 meters.
Q: What is 1000BASE-LX?
An Ethernet standard that supports 1 Gbps speed over single-mode fiber optic cables with a maximum distance of 5 kilometers.
Q: What is 10GBASE-SR?
An Ethernet standard that supports 10 Gbps speed over multimode fiber optic cables with a maximum distance of 300 meters.
Q: What is 10GBASE-LR?
An Ethernet standard that supports 10 Gbps speed over single-mode fiber optic cables with a maximum distance of 10 kilometers.
1000BASE-T remembrance keys:
1 Gbps speed (Gigabit Ethernet)
Twisted-pair copper cables
Maximum distance of 100 meters
How can you remember that a Local Connector (LC) is a type of fiber optic connector commonly used in network equipment, especially in Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) modules?
L for Local and C for Connector.
Little Connector helps you recall that it's small in size, fitting well in SFP modules.
Local Connection reminds you it's used in network equipment for local connections.
Note
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