[ 2MID ] Physics - Electric Charges

Amber

At around 600 BC, what was the fossilized material that was attracted pieces of dry leaves and feathers when rubbed with wool?

Elektron

What does amber mean?

Glass rod, comb, and sulfur

In the 16th century, more substances exhibited the behavior of attracting pieces of dry leaves. What were these substances?

William Gilbert

The phenomenon of attracting dry leaves was explained by this man in his book entitled De Magnete.

Electricus

William Gilbert used this new Latin word which means “of amber” in his book.

Neils Bohr

He created the planetary structure of an atom.

Neutral Electrical Condition

This occurs when an atom has an equal number of protons and electrons.

Positive

What is the charge when an atom loses electrons?

Negative

What is the charge if an atom gains electrons?

Benjamin Franklin

He discovered that electric charges can either have a positive or a negative charge.

Electric Fire/Fluid

According to Benjamin Franklin, most substances are penetrated by what he called _________

Positively Charge

When an object has too much of the electric fire it becomes _____

Negatively Charge

When an object has deficiency of the fire it becomes ________

Law of Conservation of Charges

When you create a positively charge object by putting electric fire you are automatically creating a negatively charge object

Electric Charge

• basic property of matter carried by some elementary particles (such as electron).

• there are two types of this: positive and negative.

Charles-Augustin de Coulomb

The SI unit for an electric charge can be attributed to ________

Fundamental Law of Charges

The charges were shown to experience an electric force which causes them to either attract each other or repel one another

Law of Conservation of Charges

• Charge can neither be created nor destroyed.

• Charges can only be transferred from one body to another

Conductors

• materials that permit electrons to flow freely from particles to particle

• metals, and metals easily give their free electron and silver is the best _______ of electricity.

• the electrons of _______ materials are NOT tightly bounded to its atom

Insulators

• Materials that do not permit electrons to flow freely from particle to particle

• _______ are non-metal, and the free electrons of non-metals are very tightly abounded in their atom, so they do not give/lose electrons, instead they want to get electrons

Friction

• two objects should have physical contact

• BEFORE CONTACT: two objects are uncharged (neutral)

• AFTER CONTACT: they become oppositely charged

Induction

• there is no physical contact

• BEFORE CONTACT: one object is charged (+ or -)

• AFTER CONTACT: the other acquires the opposite charge.

Conduction

• there is physical contact

• BEFORE CONTACT: one object is charged (+ or -)

• AFTER CONTACT: the other acquires the same charge.

Mass Number

This is equal to the sum of number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom.

Electricity

This comes from the Greek word amber which means electron.

Joseph John Thomson

He used the cathode ray tube and discovered electrons.

Ernest Rutherford

He performed the Gold Foil experiment and discovered the proton.

James Chadwick

He performed the beryllium bombardment experiment and discovered the neutron.

1/4piE0

Coulomb’s Constant in Fraction Form