Vocab List 1.2

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38 Terms

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map

a two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earths surface or a portion of it

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map scale

the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth’s surface

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mashup

a map that overlays data from one source on top of a map provided by a mapping service

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meme

contagious diffusion through the internet or social media

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mental map

a representation of a portion of Earth’s surface based on what an individual knows about a place that contains personal impressions of what is in the place and where it is located

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meridian

an arc drawn on a map between the north and south poles

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network

a chain of communication that connects places

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nonrenewable resource

a resource that is produced in nature more slowly than it is consumed by humans

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parallel

a circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians

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participatory GIS (PGIS)

community-based mapping, representing local knowledge and information

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pattern

the geometric or regular arrangement of something in a particular area

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photogrammetry

the science of taking measurements of the Earth’s surface from photographs

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place

a specific point on Earth, distinguished by a particular characteristic

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polder

land that the Dutch have created by draining water from an area

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possiblism

the theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives

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poststructuralist geography

geographic approach that examines how the powerful in a society dominate, or seek to control, less powerful groups, how the dominated groups occupy space, and confrontations that result from the domination

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preservation

the maintenance of resources in their present condition, with as little human impact as possible

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prime meridian

the meridian, designated as 0 degrees longitude, that passes through the royal observatory at Greenwich, England

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projection

a system used to transfer locations from Earth’s surface to a flat map

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region

an area distinguished by one or more distinctive characteristics

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relocation diffusion

the spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another

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remote sensing

the acquisition of data about Earth’s surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from long distance methods

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renewable resources

a resource that is produced in nature more rapidly than it is consumed by humans

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resource

a substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use

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scale

the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole

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site

the physical character of a place

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situation (relative location)

the location of a place relative to another place

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space

the physical gap or interval between two objects

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space-time compression

the reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems

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spacial association

the relationship between the distribution of one feature and the distribution of another feature

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stimulus diffusion

the spread of an underlying principle

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sustainability

the use of Earth’s renewable and nonrenewable natural resources in ways that do not contain resource use in the future

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syncretism

the combining of elements of two groups into a new cultural feature

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toponym

the name given to a portion of Earth’s surface

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transnational corporation

a company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters of shareholders are locates

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uneven development

the increasing gap in economic condition between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy

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vernacular (perceptual) region

an area that people believe exists as apart of their cultural identity

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volunteered geographic information (VGI)

creation and dissemination of geographic data contributed voluntarily and for free by individuals